What did one cell say to his sister cell when she stepped in his toe?
Mitosis!
100
Define Meiosis
cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells. This process is required to produce egg and sperm cells for sexual reproduction
100
Define Alleles
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome
200
Give 3 examples of Autotrophs and Heterotrophs?
Autotrophs: Dandelion, Palm Tree, Sunflower Heterotroph: Michael Jackson, Dogs, Cats
200
What is the 4 step process that divides cells?
Mitosis
200
What is the 3rd phase of mitosis and what happens?
Anaphase, each set of chromosomes moves toward the opposite end of the cell
200
I hope I have your undivided attention...
So let's learn about Meiosis!
200
Define Phenotype
the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment
300
What are the steps to the Scientific Method?
Make an Observation. Form a Question. Form a Hypothesis. Conduct an Experiment. Analyse the Data. Draw a Conclusion.
The last stage of mitosis. During this stage the chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and lose their distinct rod-like shapes. Two new nuclear membranes then form around each of the two regions of DNA and the spindle fibers disappear.
300
What is the 2nd stage?
Metaphase 1: Pairs of homologous chromosomes move to the equator of the cell.
300
What is the difference between a Dominant and Recessive trait?
Dominant allele is the allele that determines the phenotypical features apparent in homozygous or heterozygous genotypes.
The dominant allele is represented in uppercase "A", and its recessive allele is written in lowercase "a"
Cilia and Flagella move liquid past the surface of the cell. For single cells, such as sperm, this enables them to swim. For cells anchored in a tissue, like the epithelial cells lining our air passages, this moves liquid over the surface of the cell
400
Define Mitosis
A four-stage process that creates two identical cells from one original cell
400
What is the 5th stage?
Prophase 2: A new spidle forms around the chromosomes
400
Who was Gregor Mendel, what did he prove, and what are his 2 laws?
Gregor Mendel, through his work on Pea Plants, deduced that genes come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units, one from each parent. Mendel tracked the segregation of parental genes and their appearance in the offspring as dominant or recessive traits. 1. Law of Segregation and 2. Law of Assortment
500
What does Diffusion do? Osmosis? Facilitated Diffusion? Full name of ATP?
DIFFUSION: passive movement of particles (atoms, ions or molecules) from a region in which they are in higher concentration to regions of lower concentration OSMOSIS: movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from higher water concentration to a lower water concentration FACILITATED: passive transport of molecules or ions across a cell's membrane ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate
500
Why is Meiosis important?
During sexual reproduction, it ensures that all produced organisms have the correct number of chromosomes. It is also responsible for producing genetic variations during the process of recombination, and it repairs some genetic defects