Structure and Bonding
How many valence electrons does an atom want?
8
What shape will a molecule be if the angles are 109.5 degrees?
bent or trigonal pyramidal (will accept just one)
C₄H₁₀ is ___ane
Butane
What suffix do alkenes use?
-ene
losing energy is ___thermic
exothermic
what type of particles does an ionic substance have?
metal and a non metal
what is a covalent bond?
when two atoms share an electron to fill its outer shells
What suffix do branching side chains use
-yl
A carboxylic acid has a double bond. True or False?
True, carboxylic acid does have a double bond
Sweat evaporating is an example of... (endo/exo)
An endothermic reaction.
False, they do have lone pairs
What is the most electronegative atom?
Fluorine
Three carbons = ____ane
Propane
Haloalkane to an amine requires ___ as a catalyst
NH₃ (alcoholic)
What is activation energy?
The minimum amount energy required for a chemical reaction to occur
Which side of the periodic table are non-metals on?
right side
What type of structure is graphite?
2D covalent lattice structure
what is a monomer?
a molecule that starts and ends the same so that they can link together in a chain
Carboxylic acid + Base =
Metal salt + Water
For an exothermic reaction, which has more energy, reactants or products?
Reactants
Bonds breaking is an ___________ reaction
endothermic
Creating bonds is an __________ reaction
Exothermic
What are two isomers that can be made out of C₃H₆O?
Propanal and Propanone
Carboxylic acid + amine =
Alkylammonium salt
What is the equation to calculate the total enthalpy change from bond enthalpy?
Change in enthalpy = sum of bonds broken - sum of bonds formed