Past Perfect Simple
How do we form the past perfect simple? (affirmative)
Subject + had + participle
The past perfect is the _____ of the simple past.
How do we form the past perfect continuous in the affirmative?
Subject + had been + verb+ing
The past perfects in English (past perfect simple & past perfect continuous) are used when we are ______________________.
already talking in the past tense
How do you form the contraction of "had"?
'd (the same as "would")
The past perfect is also the _____ of the present perfect.
past
The past perfect continuous has the same use as the past perfect simple but for ____, _______ actions.
longer, continuous
The past perfect simple is used when they are _____, ______ actions.
simple, unique
How do you make the interrogative and negative forms of the past perfect simple?
Interrogative: Had + subject + participle?
Negative: Subject + had not + participle. (The contraction of had not is hadn’t)
Which is used more in everyday conversations: past perfect or past simple?
Past simple
How do we form the past perfect continuous in the interrogative and negative?
Interrogative: Had + subject + been + verb+ing?
Negative: Subject + had not been + verb+ing
On many occasions, using the past perfect continuous instead of the past perfect simple simply _______ what we are saying.
emphasizes
When is the past perfect used?
When we are already speaking in the past tense to express that something happened before
Name three words, like the present perfect, that can be used with the past perfect.
since, for, ever, never, already, yet, and just
The past perfect continuous is both the _____ of the past continuous and the present perfect continuous.
past
There are many verbs in English that do not express any difference between using them in the past perfect simple or continuous. Name 4!
live, expect, look, sit, study, wait, stand, rain, lie, teach, hope, stay, snow, sleep, work, learn, want
Make 2 sentences with the past perfect!
Challenge for 2 more sentences, with more information!
When it is very clear what happened before, the past perfect is not necessary and the simple past can be used, usually together with ______ or ______, which leaves no doubt about what happened before.
before/after
Make 2 sentences with the past perfect continuous!
Challenge to make 2 more, with more information!
Make one sentence each for the past perfect simple and past perfect continuous!
Challenge for one more each, with more information!