Adverb Clauses
Combine into one sentence (with correct punctuation) using "AFTER", then switch it to use "BEFORE":
Amanda bought lots of groceries. She cooked a fancy dinner for her friends.
AFTER Amanda bought lots of groceries, she cooked a fancy dinner for her friends.
Amanda cooked a fancy dinner for her friends AFTER she bought lots of groceries.
BEFORE Amanda cooked a fancy dinner for her friends, she bought lots of groceries.
Amanda bought lots of groceries BEFORE she cooked a fancy dinner.
Reduce this adverb clause sentence:
Because the cat was fat, she couldn't jump high.
Being fat, the cat couldn't jump high.
Combine into one sentence (with correct punctuation) using "EVEN THOUGH", then switch it to use "NEVERTHELESS":
Tom is the fastest swimmer on the team. He lost the championship race.
EVEN THOUGH Tom is the fastest swimmer on the team, he lost the championship race.
Tom lost the championship race EVEN THOUGH he is the fastest swimmer on the team.
Tom is the fastest swimmer on the team; nevertheless, he lost the race.
Tom is the fastest swimmer on the team. Nevertheless, he lost the race.
Complete the sentence with the correct form of verbs:
If you (EARN, NOT) enough money, you (CAN/RENT, NOT) that apartment.
If you DON'T EARN enough money, you CAN'T RENT that apartment.
Complete the sentence with the correct form of verbs:
I hope that she (FIND) a good job after her graduation next month.
I hope that she FINDS/CAN FIND a good job after her graduation next month.
Combine into one sentence (with correct punctuation) using "BECAUSE", then switch it to use "SO":
Brian is a hard worker. He was promoted to manager.
BECAUSE Brian is a hard worker, he was promoted to manager.
Brian was promoted to manager BECAUSE he is a hard worker.
Brian is a hard worker, SO he was promoted to manager.
Reduce this adverb clause sentence:
After he bought his first car, he drove home to show his parents.
After buying his first car, he drove hone to show his parents.
Combine the ideas into one sentence (with correct punctuation) using "EVEN IF", then switch it to use "WHETHER OR NOT":
the children / must / eat all their vegetables / (not) like them
The children must eat all their vegetables EVEN IF they DON'T LIKE them.
The children must eat all their vegetables WHETHER OR NOT they LIKE them.
The children must eat all their vegetables WHETHER they LIKE them OR NOT.
Complete the sentence with the correct form of verbs:
If he (FEEL) nervous before his interview tomorrow, he (SHOULD/TRY) taking several deep breaths to relax.
If he FEELS nervous before his interview tomorrow, he SHOULD TRY taking several deep breaths to relax.
Complete the sentence with the correct form of verbs:
I wish I (BE) free tomorrow night so that we (GO) to the movies.
I wish I WERE free tomorrow night so that we COULD GO to the movies.
Combine into one sentence (with correct punctuation) using "WHEN":
My cat yowled. He saw another cat in his yard.
My cat yowled WHEN he saw another cat in his yard.
WHEN he saw another cat in his yard, my cat yowled.
Reduce this adverb clause sentence:
Because she couldn't find a job in her field, she began a new career.
Not finding a job in her field, she began a new career.
Not being able to find a job in her field, she began a new career.
Combine the ideas into one sentence (with correct punctuation) using "UNLESS", then switch it to use "ONLY IF":
it / (not) rain / I / (not) bring / umbrella
I DO NOT bring an umbrella UNLESS it's raining (OR: it's going to rain).
UNLESS it's raining, I DO NOT bring an umbrella.
I BRING an umbrella ONLY IF it's raining (OR: it's going to rain).
ONLY IF it's raining DO I BRING an umbrella.
(*REMEMBER: You must INVERT the S-V of the main clause when the sentence begins "Only if...")
Complete the sentence with the correct form of verbs:
Where (YOU, TRAVEL) if you (HAVE TO PAY, NOT) for the air ticket?
Where WOULD YOU TRAVEL if you DIDN'T HAVE TO PAY for the air ticket?
Complete the sentence with the correct form of verbs:
I wish the weather (BE) warmer during our beach vacation so that we (SWIM) in the ocean.
I wish the weather HAD BEEN warmer during our beach vacation so that we COULD HAVE SWAM in the ocean.
Combine into one sentence (with correct punctuation) using "EVEN THOUGH":
The tickets were very expensive. We bought 5 of them.
EVEN THOUGH the tickets were very expensive, we bought 5 of them.
We bought 5 tickets EVEN THOUGH they were very expensive.
Reduce this adverb clause sentence:
Tina has exercised every day since she made her New Year's resolution.
Tina has exercised every day since MAKING her New Year's resolution.
Combine the ideas into one sentence (with correct punctuation) using "BECAUSE", then switch it to use "SO" (cause-effect), and then switch it again to use "THEREFORE" :
The little boy lost his dinosaur. He cried.
The little boy cried BECAUSE he lost his dinosaur.
BECAUSE he lost his dinosaur, the little boy cried.
The little boy lost his dinosaur, so he cried.
The little boy lost his dinosaur; therefore, he cried.
The little boy lost his dinosaur. Therefore, he cried.
Complete the sentence with the correct form of verbs:
The teacher (GIVE) you an extension if you (DISCUSS) the problem with her.
The teacher WOULD HAVE GIVEN you an extension if you HAD DISCUSSED the problem with her.
Complete the sentence with the correct form of verbs:
I've been waiting in line for 15 minutes. I wish they (HURRY) up!
I've been waiting in line for 15 minutes. I wish they WOULD HURRY up!
Combine into one sentence (with correct punctuation) using "BECAUSE", then switch it to use "EVEN THOUGH" (*NOTE: you will need to add a negative somewhere!):
I successfully put together some IKEA furniture. I followed the instructions.
I successfully put together some IKEA furniture BECAUSE I followed the instructions.
BECAUSE I followed the instructions, I successfully put together some IKEA furniture.
I successfully put together some IKEA furniture EVEN THOUGH I DIDN'T FOLLOW the instructions.
EVEN THOUGH I DIDN'T FOLLOW the instructions, I successfully put together some IKEA furniture.
Correct or not?
While riding her bike on the trail, Anna's back tire went flat.
INCORRECT! The subject of both clauses MUST be the same to reduce it!
The correct sentence would say: While ANNA was riding her bike on the trail, her back TIRE went flat. (*Don't get confused by possessives--the second subject's main noun is TIRE.)
Combine the ideas into one sentence (with correct punctuation) using "SO...THAT", then switch it to use "SUCH...THAT":
party / noisy / their neighbors called the police
The party was SO noisy THAT their neighbors called the police.
It was SUCH A NOISY PARTY THAT their neighbors called the police.
Complete the sentence with the correct form of verbs:
If they (STUDY) harder, they (BE ACCEPTED) to a better university.
If they HAD STUDIED harder, they WOULD/COULD HAVE BEEN ACCEPTED to a better university.
(*NOTE: the second verb is PASSIVE = would/could have BEEN + past participle)
Complete the sentence with the correct form of verbs:
I wish I (VISIT) with my grandmother again.
I wish I COULD VISIT with my grandmother again.
(*DON'T SAY "I wish I WOULD...")