Professional Conduct/ Scope of Practice
What is a stakeholder?
Any person that benefits from, or has a financial contribution to, services. Ex: Client, parents, payors, etc.
Bonus: Who is the most important stakeholder?
What is ABC data?
Recording the antecedents of a behavior, what the target behavior looked like, and the immediate consequences of the behavior - helps give a picture of why the behavior happened.
Bonus: Name 2 types of ABC data
What are 3 things you should include in a session note?
- Skill acquisition progress for at least 2 programs
- Rates of behavior compared to prior sessions/how you responded to behavior
- Highest level of prompting used during the session
Bonus: How many sentences should your session note be?
What are the 4 functions of behavior?
- Access to tangibles, activities, areas, or people
- Access to attention or reactions
- Escape or avoidance of tangibles, activities, areas, or people
- Access to increased or decreased sensory input
Bonus: How many functions can contribute to 1 behavior?
What is frequency recording?
Documenting each instance of a behavior for each time it occurs.
Bonus: What are the other types of continuous recording?
What is DTT?
A method of teaching that involves breaking down skills into small, discrete (separate) components that typically include a prepared antecedent and non-specific consequence.
Bonus: How does DTT differ from NET?
What are your supervision requirements as an RBT?
5% of total hours worked per month must be supervised.
Bonus: How many times must you meet with your supervisor per month?
What is a preference assessment?
A methodological way of determining which stimuli a client has a higher preference for.
Bonus: Which is more effective: a preference assessment or a reinforcer assessment?
When would you seek clinical direction?
- When there's a new behavior
- When there's a new topography
- When the client isn't responding as predicted to interventions
Bonus: What is a time that you would not seek clinical direction, but would instead seek direction from your CM?
What is a DRA procedure?
A procedure in which an alternative behavior that serves the same function as the targeted behavior is reinforced and the targeted behavior is put on extinction or given lesser reinforcement, with the expectation that the alternative behavior will replace the targeted behavior in the learner's repertoire.
Bonus: Name an example of a DRA procedure
What is whole interval recording?
Recording if a behavior occurred for the entirety of the interval or if it did not.
Bonus: What are the other types of discontinuous measurement?
What is a token economy?
A method of breaking down reinforcement into more manageable fragments by making each fragment contingent on a target behavior.
Bonus: How do you establish a token economy?
What do you do if a parent offers you a gift?
- Precise, textbook answer - you can accept it if it's under $10.
- Preferred answer - arts and crafts made by client or a thank you note are preferred ways of showing appreciation. While you can accept a gift under $10, it can open the door to a dual relationship and quid-pro-quo expectations.
Bonus: Can you give families and clients gifts?
Does the VBMAPP assess skills or behaviors?
Skills - the VBMAPP assesses developmental and language milestones, but does contain a barriers assessment, which assesses to what extend maladaptive behaviors are interfering with skill acquisition
Bonus: What are 2 other skills assessments?
What are some medical variables that might affect a client?
Somnias - Insomnia, narcolepsy, parasomnia
Mobility - cerebral palsy, injuries
Cerebral - seizures
Sensory - vision, hearing, speaking impairments
Bonus: What is the term for our clients having another diagnosis in tandem with their ASD diagnosis?
What is positive punishment?
Adding a stimulus to the environment following a behavior with the expectation that over repeated applications following that behavior, the behavior will decrease over time.
Bonus: Name 2 examples of positive punishment.
What is a permanent product?
A physical representation of a behavior that can be looked at or reviewed at a later time.
Bonus: Name 2 types of permanent product
What is negative reinforcement?
A process or procedure in which future behavior is strengthened based on the repetitive removal of a stimulus from the environment.
Bonus: Which is better - negative reinforcement or positive punishment?
What would be a breach of client dignity?
- Talking about client's personal or health information to others who do not need to know that information
- Allowing client's personal autonomy over their own body to be violated
- Not respecting a client's right to privacy, including their own body
Bonus: Is a parent talking about their child in the parking lot a breach of client dignity?
How do you find the function of behavior?
Indirect - interviews, rating scales
Direct - ABC data
Bonus: What is the term for systematically manipulating the environment in order to determine the function of a behavior?
How would you describe prompting to a parent or lay person?
Using additional supports to teach a skill, whether it's describing how to do the skill, showing them how to do the skill, or moving their hands in the correct positions to complete the skill.
Bonus: What's the general term for the technical language of a field? i.e., not layman's language
What is an establishing operation?
A state of motivation that increases the value of a stimulus or state of being; sometimes due to deprivation of that stimulus or state of being. Can also increase the likelihood of behaviors that lead to acquisition of that stimulus or state of being.
Bonus: What is the opposite of an establishing operation?
What are environmental variables?
Classes of stimuli that may affect rates of targeted behaviors or targeted skills - sensory input, social interactions, learning history, etc.
Bonus: What environmental variables contribute to your own behavior?
What is a VR3?
A schedule of reinforcement in which approximately every 3 responses are reinforced or an average of 3 responses are reinforced.
Bonus: How is a VR3 different from a VI3? Which is stronger?
How could you manipulate the environment to reduce the need for services?
- Promote antecedent environmental manipulations to prevent targeted behavior from occurring (lights off, aversive stimuli removed, etc.)
- Promote alternative methods of functioning that may help replace targeted behaviors (use of AAC, using typing instead of writing, etc.)
Bonus: Will manipulating the environment maintain the behavior when the modifications aren't available?
Name 3 types of preference assessments
Bonus: Name the other 2
What is a private event?
A state of being, including physical sensations, feelings, and emotions, that can be documented and recorded by the person experiencing them, but cannot be observed by an outside entity.
Bonus: Which type of behavior analysis supports the presence of private events as a type of behavior: methodological behaviorism or radical behaviorism?
What is a punisher?
A stimulus that when repeatedly applied after a target behavior occurs eventually results in that target behavior decreasing.
Bonus: Do punishers work across clients? Why?
What does IOA stand for and what does it mean?
Inter-Observer Agreement - determining how accurate one data collector's recordings are by having a second observer also take data on the same behaviors and skills. The two data sets are compared and given a percentage of accuracy.
Bonus: What is the IOA for the following data sets: Person 1 - 15, 30, 20; Person 2 - 16, 30, 12
What is mand training?
A systematic approach to increase requesting behaviors, in which strong motivators are identified, a specific response is prompted, and the participant receives the specific stimulus as a consequence.
Bonus: Is mand training a type of DTT or NET?