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1. Which branch of lexicology deals with the study of word origins and histories?
a) Descriptive lexicology
b) Historical lexicology
c) Referential lexicology
d) Synchronic lexicology
b) Historical lexicology
6. Which type of word formation involves combining two or more words into a new term?
a) Clipping
b) Acronym
c) Compounding
d) Blending
c) Compounding
11. A borrowed word from another language is known as:
a) Neologism
b) Upword
c) Loanword
d) Retroform
c) Loanword
16. What is an antonym?
a) A word with no known origin
b) A word borrowed from another language
c) A word with opposite meaning
d) A word used in academic discourse
c) A word with opposite meaning
21. Which of the following terms describes the shift from specific to broad meaning?
a) Narrowing
b) Generalization
c) Amelioration
d) Pejoration
b) Generalization
2. Connotative meaning refers to:
a) The dictionary definition of a word
b) The emotional and cultural associations attached to a word
c) The structural composition of a word
d) The grammatical function of a word
b) The emotional and cultural associations attached to a word
7. Which of the following is an example of a word formed by blending?
a) Smog
b) Breakfast
c) Teacher
d) Happy
a) Smog
12. Which of these words is formed by acronym?
a) NASA
b) Telephone
c) Information
d) Education
a) NASA
17. A neologism is a:
a) Word form created by blending
b) Newly coined word or expression
c) Word that has changed meaning over time
d) Word used exclusively in technical fields
b) Newly coined word or expression
22. The difference between connotative and denotative meaning is:
a) Connotative is emotional; denotative is conceptual
b) Connotative is abstract; denotative is factual
c) Connotative is societal; denotative is culturally specific
d) Connotative is subjective; denotative is objective
d) Connotative is subjective; denotative is objective
5. Semasiology focuses on:
a) The evolution of word forms
b) How words acquire meaning
c) Describing the symbolic nature of words
d) The historical development of words
b) How words acquire meaning
10. Which of the following is true about denotation?
a) It includes personal associations
b) It never changes over time
c) It is the literal meaning of a word
d) It involves the cultural significance of a term
c) It is the literal meaning of a word
15. The semantic change of "silly" from meaning "happy" to "foolish" is an example of:
a) Semantic bleaching
b) Semantic shift
c) Amelioration
d) Pejoration
d) Pejoration
20. What role does referent play in the semantic triangle?
a) It represents the emotional responses elicited
b) It indicates the mental image associated with a word
c) It is the actual object or concept the word refers to
d) It is the linguistic term or symbol
c) It is the actual object or concept the word refers to
25. Semasiology is fundamentally concerned with:
a) Syntax
b) Pragmatics
c) Meaning
d) Phonetics
c) Meaning
3. What is a common example of semantic narrowing?
a) "Car" used to mean any mode of transportation
b) "Meat" originally meant all food
c) "Holiday" used to mean a specific religious day
d) "Bird" to mean only sparrows
b) "Meat" originally meant all food
8. What is the primary characteristic of words in language?
a) They are always unchangeable
b) They represent concepts or things
c) They are independent of culture
d) They inherently possess meaning
b) They represent concepts or things
13. In terms of the semantic triangle, what does the 'symbol' represent?
a) The actual object or idea referred to
b) The term or word itself
c) The cultural associations of a word
d) The emotional response to a word
b) The term or word itself
18. What type of semantic change occurs when a word gains a more positive meaning?
a) Pejoration
b) Semantic shift
c) Amelioration
d) Semantic broadening
c) Amelioration
23. Which word formation process involves changing the part of speech without altering the form?
a) Inflection
b) Derivation
c) Conversion
d) Compounding
c) Conversion
4. In the semantic triangle model, which of the following is NOT a component?
a) Concept
b) Referent
c) Symbol
d) Synonym
d) Synonym
9. Which of the following words has experienced semantic broadening?
a) "Broadcast" once used for seeds now also relates to media
b) "Narrow" once meant calm and now means opposite of broad
c) "Nice" which used to mean ignorant
d) "Girl" which once referred to young people objectively
a) "Broadcast" once used for seeds now also relates to media
14. Which lexicological approach focuses on language structure at a particular point in time?
a) Diachronic lexicology
b) Comparative lexicology
c) Synchronic lexicology
d) Pragmatic lexicology
c) Synchronic lexicology
19. Which method describes forming words by reducing existing words without changing their meaning?
a) Conversion
b) Bending
c) Clipping
d) Blending
c) Clipping
24. Which of these words is a result of clipping?
a) Influenza to flu
b) Smoke to smog
c) Radar
d) Breakfast
a) Influenza to flu