First-Aid
Under what circumstances should a tourniquet be considered?
When a guest has a catastrophic wound to a limb and bleeding cannot be controlled using direct pressure and bandaging
What are the indicators to know when to do CPR or when to do Rescue Breathing? How do we find them?
Take pulse and check for breathing.
No pulse= CPR
Pulse but no breathing= Rescue Breathing
What is an ease-in entry used for?
A spinal injury
What should you NEVER do when entering the water while approaching a guest with a spinal injury?
Jump in
C.A.R.E. and D.E.A.L
Confident, Attentive, Responsive, Empathetic
Deescalate, Evaluate, Act to improve, Look at the outcome
What is FAST & RICE? and when are they used?
Stroke- Facial droop Slurred Slurred speech Time to call 911
Closed Wounds- Rest Ice Compress Elevate
How many initial breaths are given in the water?
2 initial breaths.
Call for a secondary guard
What is the maximum amount of time a spinal should take?
3 minutes
What does DOTS and CABs stand for?
Deformities Open-Wounds Tenderness Swelling
Circulation Airway Breathing
What is the ideal SpO2 level (pulse-ox reading)?
94-100
93 and below is not ideal
Adult: Alone & Group 30:2 - 6:1
Child: Alone- 30:2 Group- 15:2 - 3:1
Infant: Alone 30:2 Group- 15:2 - 3:1
Where does the tube go on an unconscious guest's back?
Just below the shoulder blades.
What is underarm vise-grip?
A SMR technique used on a guest found in the water with a suspected spinal injury.
What is the 10 and 20 in 10/20 mean
You must be able to recognize a guest in distress within 10 seconds. You must be able to get to the guest within 20 seconds after the EAP is activated.
What are the 3 types of splints and what are they used for?
Soft splint: for protruding bones/bone is visible through the skin
Ridged/hard splint: sprains and minor fractures
Anatomical: usually used on fractured fingers or toes; "buddy tapping"
How many different ways can you do chest compressions? Demonstrate.
4
Adult: 2 hands
Child: 1 hand
Infant: Alone- 2 fingers Group- Butterfly
Prior to approaching a guest in distress what should you do?
Activate your EAP
What are the 5 things you need to call for after activating your EAP?
1) Secondary guard
2) Crash-bag
3) Backboard
4) (Someone's name) call 911 and come back
5) Possible spinal
How can sunscreen be used most effectively?
Apply 20 minutes before going out in the sun, and reapply hourly
What are the signs of hypoxia?
Breathing that is excessively fast or slow, weak or labored
What does CPR stand for?
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
What are the 6 stages of drowning?
Surprise, Respiratory Arrest, Unconsciousness, Hypoxic Convolutions, Cardiac Arrest, Death
What does SMR stand for?
Spinal Motion Restriction
Important objectives of a rotation of lifeguards?
Perform a proactive bottom scan and maintain the 10/20 during rotations