Geography of the Poles
In which hemisphere is the North Pole located?
Northern Hemisphere.
Which iconic animal lives only in the Arctic?
Polar bear.
Which pole is colder on average?
The South Pole.
Who was the first explorer to reach the South Pole?
Roald Amundsen (1911).
What will be happening to the polar ice caps in the next decades?
They’ll be melting faster.
Which ocean surrounds the North Pole?
Arctic Ocean.
Which bird species breeds in Antarctica?
Penguin.
What temperatures will researchers be facing in the Antarctic winter?
Around -60°C.
What will future missions to Antarctica be focusing on?
Climate research and sustainability.
What will coastal cities have experienced by 2100?
Rising sea levels.
On which continent is the South Pole located?
Antarctica.
By 2050, which species will have been most affected by ice melting?
Polar bears.
What phenomenon causes months of daylight or darkness at the poles?
Polar day and polar night.
By 2050, how many international bases will have been operating in Antarctica?
More than 80.
What greenhouse gas will have been released from melting permafrost?
Methane.
What is the main geographical difference between the two poles?
North = ocean with ice; South = land with ice.
What will scientists be studying about seals in the Arctic?
Their adaptation to climate change.
By 2100, how much will global temperatures have risen in polar regions?
Around 3–4°C.
What kind of studies will scientists be carrying out there?
Studies on climate, geology, and biology.
By the mid-21st century, what environmental changes will have transformed the poles?
Loss of ice, warmer temperatures.
Which pole will have remained colder due to its altitude?
The South Pole.
By the end of the century, what ecosystems will have disappeared first?
Arctic habitats.
What will scientists be monitoring during the next decades?
Ice loss and sea level rise.
How long will researchers have been living in isolation during a polar expedition?
Several months.
What actions will humans need to have taken to protect the polar regions?
Reduce CO₂ emissions and adopt sustainable policies.