Monasteries, Monks, Nuns and more
How had the role of monasteries changed by the 1200s?
They had become centers of agriculture, and many were located in towns.
Why did popes send missionaries into northern Europe?
to convert pagans to Christianity.
The social rank of people under the feudal system:
-Kings
-Nobles
-Vassals
-??
What two group belonged at the bottom of the social order?
Peasants and serfs.
Medieval manors can best be described as
self-sufficient economic units.
How were the craft guilds financed?
Look at the following events of the Middle Ages; describe the theme of the events:
597-Pope Gregory I sends missionaries to Britain
800- Pope Leo III crowns Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor
966-First Polish king converts to Christianity
1200-Monasteries begin to take an active role in society
1265-Thomas Aquinas publishes work on natural law
The list of events describes the spread of the Catholic faith.
Choose two of the following, How did Christianity bring organization to Europe?
A. All kings became vassals of the pope.
B. Latin became the common language of all Europeans.
C. The faith led to the formation of new states.
D. Shared faith brought people together.
C. The faith led to the formation of new states.
D. Shared faith brought people together.
Which three countries did the Frankish empire Charlemagne created in Western Europe?
These countries were France, Germany and Italy.
In theory, feudalism was based on cooperation and support. Which phrase best describes feudalism in practice?
A. economic ties between manors and towns
B. frequent warfare among landowners
C. unlimited rule by a few powerful monarchs
D. strictly enforced code of chivalry
B. frequent warfare among landowners
What was an important advantage of the three-field system of crop rotation?
It increased the amount of land that could be planted every year.
Members of both the Franciscan order and the Poor Clares believed in what?
They both believed in simplicity and devotion.
Name the Christian figure established the set of rules that governed life in many monasteries and convents throughout medieval Europe?
Benedict was the Christian figure that established the set of rules that governed life in many monasteries and convents throughout medieval Europe.
Read the quote about Charlemagne:
"The man who led the Franks to victory and so created modern Europe was Charles the Great.....[W]ithout Charles and the legend of Charles Europe would have had a different history and a different character."
Which two of the following of Charlemagne's accomplishment might this writer have had in mind in crediting Charlemagne with the creation of "modern Europe"?
A. He established a peace that lasted for centuries.
B. He blocked the power of the popes.
C. He helped spread Christianity.
D. He encouraged the creation of schools.
C. He helped spread Christianity.
D. He encouraged the creation of schools.
Look at the following lists of effects on a important process in early European history, what was one cause of the effects listed.
List of effects:
-population growth
-increase in trade
-development of industry
-revival of towns
The one cause is improvements in farming.
Choose two statements below that describe results of the horse-powered plow?
A. Surplus food allowed people to pursue other jobs.
B. Serfs became bound to the land.
C. Farmers brought more land into cultivation.
D. The manor system developed.
A. Surplus food allowed people to pursue other jobs.
C. Farmers brought more land into cultivation.
Both Francis of Assisi and Clare of Assisi found what?
The both founded the mendicant orders.
Catholic Church's most powerful tool was control over the sacraments.
Complete the following list of Medieval Monasteries:
-Worship and prayer were central to the community.
-People grew their own food and made many of the things needed in daily life.
-??
-??
-Monks provided health care and education.
-Monasteries preserved books and learning.
Choose two statements of the following that describe how feudalism brought order to Europe?
A. It created a strict system of social ranks.
B. It increased the power of powerful monarchs.
C. It provided defense against foreign invaders.
D. It brought all people under a single religion.
A. It created a strict system of social ranks.
C. It provided defense against foreign invaders.
Read the quote describing feudalism.
"The portion of land.....was divided among them, each freeman, upon receiving his share, binding himself [pledging] to appear in arms [as a soldier] when necessary against....enemies....;this military service was the condition on which he received and held his land, and .....it exempted him [freed him] from every other burden [duty] towards the community. The king....had, of course, the largest portion....The grant of land on condition of military service was called a fief or a feud......"
Under the feudal system, what did vassals promise to provide in exchange for land?
military protection.
How did monasteries change as the Middle Ages progressed?
Monasteries became less remote and less removed from society as society and population grew. Monks and nuns, including those in newly founded mendicant orders, worked to provide education and charity to everyday people. Some monasteries were still located in rural areas, but grew to become agricultural centers
Explain how daily life in medieval Europe centered on the Catholic church.
Over time, the Catholic faith became a part of everyday life in much of Europe. Life revolved around the Catholic calendar, which included holidays such as Easter, as well as local holy days dedicated to the saints. The local church became the center of society as well as a place of worship
How did the river network in Europe contributed to the advance of ideas in the Middle Ages?
The many rivers of Europe allowed people to move easily across the landscape. As people moved to new areas, they spread new ideas. Over time, many of the ideas became widespread.
How did crop surpluses make it possible for more people to become craftworkers and merchants?
Crop surpluses meant that people could trade their extra food for other goods. Since there was a demand for these extra goods, like shoes and tools, there was also a demand for people who could make and sell these goods.
Describe a medieval manor and its residents and explain its economic structure.
A manor was the agricultural estate of a wealthy lord. The manor’s center was the lord’s house or castle. Surrounding it were fields for growing crops or grazing livestock, as well as forests and one or more villages where the peasants who worked on the manor lived. The manor’s peasants worked together to farm the lord’s land and harvest his crops. They grew crops for their own families on other land that the lord provided. They raised sheep, pigs, and cattle for meat. Women used the sheep’s wool and other farm products to make clothing. Specialists, such as carpenters and blacksmiths, also lived and worked on the manor. A bailiff ran the manor’s day-to-day affairs. He collected taxes from the peasants, usually in the form of farm products. The bailiff also served as judge when the lord was away. By producing its own food and clothing, having its own skilled workers like carpenters and blacksmiths, and even having its own tax and legal system, the manor was a largely self-sufficient unit. For the few things the manor did not produce, residents traveled to nearby towns.