Worldview
What do wealth and power revolve around?
Land
What country takes the lead in commerce?
Italy
What are the three main feast days?
Christmas, Easter, Pentecost
What are the three main divisions of society?
Men of prayer, men of war, men of work
What are the four elements the world is made up of?
Fire, Water, Air, Earth
What is the staple food for the medieval diet?
What role did women have in a craftsmen's workshop?
Often learn the trade as well to help and assist her husband
What would typically dominate the skyline of cities?
Churches/cathedrals
What are the two elements that, when combined, make up fuedalism?
Vassalage and the benefice
What does medieval man use to construct his worldview? (at least 2 of the 3)
Explain crop rotation
Leave a field fallow for a season in order to let it recover
What are two typical rights asked for by guilds?
Freedom of movement; freedom from mandatory military service; testamentary rights; freedom of the townspeople; become a freeperson after a year and a day residence
What did the university of Paris specialize in? Bologna? Salerno/Montpellier?
Theology; Law; Medicine
Why did Germany take over southern Italy/Kingdom of Naples and Sicily?
Part of a plan to take over all of Italy to bolster the German empire/HRE and use Italian resources. Eventually failed
What are the four humors?
Black bile; yellow bile; blood; phlegm
How is a serf different than a slave?
Slaves have no political rights; serfs are bound to the land and are usually protected by custom and tradition and limited political rights
How are craft guilds different than merchant guilds?
Craft guilds focus on quality standards, limit competition, standard wages and procedures, also for social interaction too
How did the Catholic church seek to mitigate private warfare?
Peace of God; Truce of God; Crusades
What is the order of the cosmos, starting from the earth?
In the manorial court, how were serfs often protected?
What effect did increased trade and commerce have on the general populace?
Princes collect taxes with silver, not goods, and enables salaried workers; Aristocrats and burghers pamper themselves with luxury imported goods
Explain the difference between Realism and Nominalism in Scholastic thought
Realism - study the ideals/universals to come to a knowledge of the particulars
Nominalism - study the particulars to come to the knowledge of the ideals/universals
What event helps raise the royal Capetian dynasty to power?
Defeat of King John and the subsequent acquisition of English lands in France