Cells
This organelle acts as the control center of the cell and houses its genetic blueprints.
Nucleus
This is the primary mechanism or process that drives biological evolution over time.
This system uses the heart and blood vessels to transport oxygen and nutrients to cells through the blood.
Circulatory System
This relationship occurs when two organisms use the exact same limited resource, like food, water, or territory.
Competition
This tool is a simple genetic grid used to predict the mathematical probability of an offspring inheriting a specific trait.
Punnett Square
This organelle acts as the powerhouse of the cell, converting nutrients into usable chemical energy called ATP.
Mitochondria
This term describes the random genetic differences found among individuals in a single population.
Genetic Variation
This system breaks down food into nutrients and absorbs them into the bloodstream for energy.
Digestive System
This specific interaction occurs when one animal hunts, kills, and eats another animal for energy.
Predation
In sexual reproduction, an offspring inherits exactly this percentage of its total chromosomes from each individual parent.
50%
This fluid, jelly-like substance fills the inside of the cell and holds all the other organelles in place.
Cytoplasm
This term describes a random change or mistake in an organism's DNA sequence. It can be helpful, harmful, or neutral.
Mutation
This system uses cells called neurons to send rapid electrical signals that control all body movements and thoughts.
Nervous System
This relationship occurs when one organism lives on or inside another host organism, causing it physical harm.
Parasitism
This method of reproduction requires only one single parent and produces offspring that are exact genetic clones.
Asexual Reproduction
This flexible, outer barrier acts like a security gate, controlling exactly which substances enter and exit the cell.
Cell membrane
Charles Darwin studied this physical feature that changed size in Galápagos finches to match the available food source.
Bird Beaks
This system uses the kidneys, bladder, and liver to filter toxic waste out of the blood and expel it from the body.
Excretory system
This relationship benefits both species involved, such as bees pollinating flowers while collecting food.
Mutualism
This type of reproduction combines genetic material from two distinct parents, resulting in unique genetic variation.
Sexual reproduction
Plant cells have 2 main organelles than animals cells do not have.
Chloroplasts and a cell wall
This trace evidence of ancient life provides the physical timeline used to track evolutionary change.
Fossils / The Fossil Record
This system uses a network of glands to secrete hormones that control growth, metabolism, and mood.
Endocrine system
This type of relationship benefits one organism while the other organism is completely unaffected and unharmed.
Commensalism
There is a major evolutionary advantage to sexual reproduction, helping a species survive if a new disease hits the population.
Genetic Diversity