Cell's Chemicals
What is the difference between organic and inorganic compounds?
Organic compounds contain carbon while inorganic does not.
The cell membrane is described as being selectively permeable. What does this mean?
The cell membrane allows some substances to pass through while others cannot.
In what cell organelle does photosynthesis take place?
Chloroplast
What is respiration?
The process by which cells break down simple food molecules (carbohydrates/ sugars) to obtain energy.
1. Run chemical reactions
2. Keep Cell size and shape
3. Keep Cell temperature
What are the four organic compounds essential for life?
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins and Nucleic Acids
What is the difference between passive and active transport?
The word photosynthesis can be broken down into "photo" and "synthesis" which have specific meanings. When translated, what does the word photosynthesis literally mean?
"photo"= light "synthesis"= putting together
"photosynthesis"= putting together light
What are does the first and second stage of respiration take place?
Stage 1= cytoplasm
Stage 2= Mitochondria
Some organisms receive energy from sun directly while others receive it indirectly. Explain the difference.
Organisms that receive the energy directly are able to complete photosynthesis (autotrophs). Organisms that get the energy indirectly (heterotrophs)
What 5 elements are found in living things?
Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur
How would you describe how a cell appears after diffusion has taken place?
What is the stomata and what enters through it?
Small openings on the underside of a leaf where carbon dioxide enters.
What is Fermentation and what are the two types?
Process of providing energy for a cell without oxygen.
Alcoholic and Lactic Acid
Are the two types of passive transport and the two types of active transport?
Passive= Diffusion and osmosis
Active= Transfer Proteins, Engulfing
Both Carbohydrates and Lipids are composed of Carbon, Hydrogen and oxygen. How can you tell the difference between the two of them?
Carbohydrates are Sugars and Starches while lipids are fats, oils and waxes
Diffusion and Osmosis are both passive transportations where molecules move from an area of high concentration to low concentration. What is difference between them?
Osmosis is diffusion of specifically water molecules.
What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis? Identify the 3 reactants and 2 products.
Carbon Dioxide + Water + sunlight ---> Sugar + Oxygen
What is the chemical equation for respiration? Identify the reactants and products.
Sugar + Oxygen ---> Carbon dioxide + water + energy
type of PROTEIN that speeds up chemical reactions in living things
Explain the relationship between an atom, element, molecule and compound.
The smallest unit of an element is an atom. When you chemically combine 2 or more elememts, it forms a compound. The smallest unit of a compound is a molecule.
Explain how engulfing occurs
The cell membrane surrounds and encloses on a particle. Once the particle is surrounded, the cells form a vacuole.
The leaf of the plant captures light from the sun. The roots of the plant suck up water and the carbon dioxide enter through the stomata. These reactans undergo a chemical reaction fueled by the sunlight which produces sugar (glucose) and oxygen
Respiration and photosynthesis are described as being opposite processes that form a cycle that regulates two substances in the atmosphere. Why are they described as opposite processes and what does this cycle regulate?
They are opposite processes because the reactants and products are opposites for each other. The cycle regulates the amount of Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen in the air.
What are the three particles of an atom?
Proton, Neutron, Electron