Principles of heredity
inherited characters that have two or more forms
What is a trait?
There is no hidden trait, traits blend together
What is incomplete dominance?
the ratio of alleles in a population change randomly over time
What is genetic drift?
the purposeful trying to change the ratio of alleles in a population
What is artificial selection?
can be caused by a random cataclysmic event
What is the bottleneck effect?
traits that appear in a hybrid
What is a dominant trait?
phenotypes of both parents are exhibited equally
What is codominance?
the process where organisms with beneficial adaptations survive to pass on their traits to a greater number of offspring than other organisms
What is natural selection?
wool color is incomplete dominance, white mating with black results in this
What causes grey wool?
a petting zoo with 12 pygmy goats ends up with most having black spots
What is an example of genetic drift?
when the dominant trait shows up in the hybrid generation
What is simple dominance?
a gene has more than two alleles
What is multiple alleles?
An inherited trait that helps an animal survive to reproduce
What is an adaptation?
the gene that controlls fur color in rabits has multiple alleles
What is an example of multiple alleles?
In the artic animals with white hair that is hollow are abundant while brown or dark animals are few
What is an example of natural selection?
The letters that represent genetic makeup
What is a genotype?
a character controlled by more than one gene on different chromosomes
What is polygenic inheritance?
human eye color is controlled by 16 different genes
What is polygenic inheritance?
natural selection affects populations and those populations do change when the environment favors certain traits
Where do creationists and evolutionists agree?
over time a farmer has more red chickens than gray chickens in his coop
What is change caused by genetic drift?
this cross results in both dominant and recessive phenotpyes in a ratio of 75% to 25%
What is a hybrid cross?
The study of how traits are passed from one gneration to the next
What is heredity?
Three things that must be true for natural selection to occur
What are:
Variation in the population
that variation can be passed to the next generation
the variation makes an organism more likely to reproduce
exposing bacteria to antibiotics causes the surviving bacteria to have resistance to antibiotics
What is an example of selecting for antiobiotic resistance?
A population of foxes migrates to the desert and the number of foxes with large ears increases.