Viruses
Vaccines
Bacteria
Gram Stain
Archaea
100
2 main parts of every virus
genetic info (nucleic acid) and capsid
100
What do antibiotics do?
Kill bad bacteria
100
1? 7? 8? 9?
1 - pili
7 - capsule
8- genetic material
9- flagellum
100
Where is peptidoglycan?
Bacteria Cell Wall
100
What is an extremophile
Thrives in extreme environments
200
What is a bacteriophage
Virus that attacks bacteria
200
What is herd immunity?
Where all members of a population are immune
200
What are endospores?
Protective structure around DNA to keep it safe in harsh environmental conditions
200
What color does gram positive bacteria turn when gram stained? Gram negative?
Positive - purple
Negative - red
200
What is one example of where an extremophile may live?
Volcano. Deep ocean vent. Etc.
300
What happens in the lytic cycle?
Attachment, injection/entry, replication, assembly, release
300
What does it mean to be immune to something?
To have enough antibodies you no longer have a reaction to it.
300
Difference between flagellum and pili
Flagellum - long, for movement. Pili - many short.= for anchoring and attachment.
300
What is gram stain? Why do we gram stain?
Gram stain is putting dye on bacteria to ID it. To ID bacteria.
300
What is binary fission?
Asexual reproduction of bacteria
400
What happens in the lysogenic cycle?
Attachment, injection/entry, (dormant period where cell divides), replication, assembly, release
400
Difference between antigen and antibody
Antigen is the protein on the surface of a pathogen that your body uses to ID it, antibody is what your body makes in response so that it can remember pathogen for future
400
What is a capsule?
Slimy outer coat that helps bacteria stick to stuff and protects it
400
Difference between gram negative and gram positive bacteria
Gram negative has thinner cell wall, harder to treat with antibiotics. Gram positive has thicker cell wall, but is easier to treat.
400
Differences between archaea and bacteria
Archaea dont have peptidoglycan in cell wall. The two have cell membrane differences.
500
What is the difference between the lytic and lysogenic cycle?
Lysogenic hides its DNA in the host DNA and has a latent period between injection of DNA and replication where it allows the cell to undergo normal cell division, creating more infected cells.
500
Difference between vaccine and antibiotic
Vaccine is weakened or inactive pathogen given to allow your body to form antibodies, teaching it to fight off real pathogen. Antibiotics just kill the bacteria.
500
3 shapes of bacteria
coccus - cocoa puffs
spirillum -spiral
bacillus - mike n ikes
500
Is this gram positive or negative, and what shape is it?
gram negative bacillus
500
Similarities between archaea and bacteria
1. prok's 2. unicell 3. auto's and hetero's. 4. binary fission.