What’s My Age Again?
This age if characterized by physiological flexion, sight is at best 8 inches, and full head lag during pull to sit
Newborn
This reflex starts as 28 weeks gestation, integrates by 4-6 months, and is tested my stroking the corner of the mouth, causing a head turn towards stimulus
Rooting Reflex
The most common type of CP, 70-80% of all diagnosis
Spastic CP
Closure of this suture too early leads to long, narrow scaphocephaly
Saggital Suture
This type of Chiari malformation involves herniating of both the cerebellum and brain stem and is strongly associated with myelomeningocele
Chiari II Malformation
At this age, a child typically cruises, crawls/creeps, can pull to stand, and may bear walk
9 months
Characterized by automatic lip closure, rhythmic sucking, and swallowing, this reflex helps infants eat and integrates by 2-5 months
Suck Swallow Reflex
This mixed motor type is the most common combination seen in children with CP
Spastic Dyskinetic CP
C5-C6 brachial plexus injury introducing a flexed wrist, extended fingers, and IR/ADD shoulder
Erb’s palsy
This Respiratory support provides positive airway pressure and is commonly used for infants with obstructive apnea or airway collapse
CPAP
At this age, Infants begin rolling in all directions, can push up on extended arms, and often pivot in a circle when prone
6 months
Triggered by allowing infants head to drop into slight extension, this reflex produces UE Abduction with extension, followed by adduction and flexion, integrated around 5-6 months
Moro Reflex
GMFM (Gross Motor Function Measure)
This maneuver relocates a dislocated hip and produces an audible clunk
Ortolani Sign
this breathing sound is described as “Walking on fresh snow” and is often associated with pneumonia or autoimmune disorders
Plueral Rub
At this age, a child typically is jumping off a step with one foot leading, running with reciprocal arm swing, and getting on a tricycle
2.5 years
DAILY DOUBLE
This righting reaction, present throughout life, reorients the infants head to vertical when tilted, and is tested both with and without visual input
Labyrinthine/Optical Head Righting
This term describes CP as a condition that does not worsen over time even though symptoms may change
Non Progressive
In this hip disorder, the femoral epiphysis slides posteriorly, unstable cases require immediate referral
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)
Rapid head growth, stridor, vomiting, and full fontanelle in an infant are all signs of this urgent complication
VP Shunt Malfunction
At this age, a child can jump rope, perform broad jumps, drop kick, maintain SLS >10 seconds, and ride a bike
5 years
With onset around 4-6 months and integrated by 8 months, flexing the head produces UE flexion and LE extension, extending the head inverts the pattern, important for quadruped and creeping
Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR)
Sitting without support by this age is one of the strong predictors for future independent walking
2 years
A common injury introducing children under 5 caused by traction on the arm resulting in radial had subluxation
Nursemaids Elbow
This occurs when both the meninges and spinal cord herniate through an opening in the spine and is the most severe form of Spina Bifida
Myelomeningocele