Early Influences and Developmental Milestones
Caused by exposure to alcohol in utero; encompasses a range of conditions that involve largely irreversible physical, behavioral, and/or cognitive abnormalities
What is Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD)?
Children reach this stage of cognitive development at 11/12+ years. Skills include the ability to think abstractly and hypothetical/deductive reasoning.
What is the Formal Operational Stage?
During this stage of Freud's theory of psychosexual development , the mouth is the focus of sensation and stimulation.
What is the oral stage?
Severe distress that occurs when a child is separated from their primary caregiver.
What is separation anxiety?
Examples of this moral development stage: Good boy/Good girl Orientation and Law and Order Orientation
What is Conventional Morality?
Flinging arms and legs outward and then toward the body in response to a loud noise or sudden loss of physical support
What is the Moro (Startle) reflex?
Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory focuses on the role of social and cultural factors and emphasizes the importance of this zone.
What is the Zone of Proximal Development?
This parenting style often leads to offspring that are assertive, socially responsible, obtain high grades in school, and have high self-esteem/self-confidence.
What is the authoritative parenting style?
The tendency to interpret positive or ambiguous actions of others as intentionally hostile.
What is the hostile attribution bias?
This approach to education emphasizes child-centered, experiential, and sense discrimination (i.e., learning through seeing, hearing, smelling, and touching).
What is the Montessori Method?
This sense is the least developed at birth.
What is vision?
The smallest units of sound understood in language.
What are Phonemes?
According this model by Thomas and Chess, behavioral and adjustment outcomes are best for children when parents' caregiving behaviors match their child's temperament.
What is the Goodness-of-Fit Model?
Obvious signs of this are usually not apparent until six-months of age. These include social referencing, separation anxiety, and stranger anxiety.
What attachment?
Hypothesis that the subjective perception of social support is more critical than actual support for alleviating feelings of loneliness and reducing the effects of stress.
What is the buffering hypothesis?
Severe and/or prolonged exposure to this in utero may lead to low birthweight, hyperactivity, irritability, and feeding, sleeping, and bowel issues in a child.
What is stress?
This is linked with several benefits, including higher scores on measures of cognitive flexibility, cognitive competency, analytical reasoning, and metalinguistic awareness.
What is bilingualism?
These are the 5 stages of a person's reaction to facing their own death.
What are: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance?
Infants who exhibit this type of attachment pattern are at an increased risk for aggressive behavior problems in childhood.
What is disorganized attachment?
The theory that social goals have 2 primary functions: the acquisition of knowledge and the regulation of emotion.
Waht is the socioemotional selectivity theory?