Chapter 1
Bronfenbrenner's term for the system that affects children on a day-to-day basis, such as their family
What is the microsystem?
Any substance which can harm a developing fetus
What is a teratogen?
A fatty coating that helps neurons communicate efficiently
What is myelin?
When pre-operational child thinks everyone else sees what they are seeing
Egocentrism
The "P" in APGAR stands for this
What is pulse?
A type of research design in which one studies the same individuals over a long period of time
What is longitudinal?
A test given to newborns upon delivery? Seven would be a good score
What is the APGAR?
Adjusting one's current schemes due to new information; a Piagetian term
What is accomodation?
The understanding that the amount of something does not always change if the shape of it changes; Piagetian term
What is conservation?
When a researcher follows up on a cross-sectional study he did two years ago, he is employing what kind of design?
What is sequential?
A type of research design that includes random assignment, a control group and a treatment group
What is experimental?
What is less than 5.5 lbs?
Lobe of the brain responsible for vision
What is occipital?
The optimal parenting style; it involves holding high expectations for children while also supporting them in a warm way
What is authoritative?
If the correlation between income and health is .9, how would we describe this relationship?
What is strong and positive?
A type of research design in which a researcher studies many individuals from several different age groups; this study could be completed at one time
What is cross-sectional?
The first point at which a developing fetus can survive outside the womb; occurs at about 24 weeks
What is the age of viability?
Process in the brain whereby unused synapses are removed
What is synaptic pruning?
A strict parenting style involving high expectations for children but not much support or warmth
What is authoritarian?
This lobe of the brain processes information about touch.
What is the parietal lobe?
The two aspects of a correlation that we need to interpret
What are the sign and the value?
The extent to which individual differences are due to genetic factors
What is a heritability estimate?
Piaget's stages in the order in which they occur?
Sensorimotor, Pre-operational, Concrete Operational and Formal Operational
Disorder involving deficits in social interaction and communication as well as repetitive actions
What is autism?
This value tells us the percentage of people who possess a specific trait or disorder when one already has it. It is used to contrast identical twins with fraternal twins.
What is a concordance rate?