Foundations and Theories
Who is responsible for the lifespan development theory that human development is lifelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, plastic, contextual, and multidisciplinary?
Paul Baltes
At or around 24 weeks is considered the age of ________.
Viability
What is the primary example of the new microsystem children encounter during early childhood?
Preschool/daycare/school
According to Erikson, the danger in middle childhood is __________, reflected in the pessimism of children who lack confidence in their ability to do things well.
inferiority
This brain system that drives the emotional and reward centers develops quickly during adolescence.
Limbic System
A stage theory is an example of this type of development.
Discontinuous
Down syndrome is an example of this type of abnormality.
Chromosomal
This is gap between what a learner can do independently and what they can achieve with help.
The Zone of Proximal Development
To test for __________, Piaget asked children to arrange sticks of different lengths from shortest to longest.
seriation
According to Erikson, the major personality attainment of adolescence is __________.
identity
What are the three domains of development?
Biological, Cognitive, Socioemotional
After a baby is delivered, what happens next?
Placenta delivery
Four-year-old Jon focuses on his own viewpoint and assumes that others perceive, think, and feel the same way he does. Jon’s thinking is __________.
egocentric
Throughout elementary school, Jen has become increasingly skilled at riding a bike. This shows her _______ skills becoming more sophisticated.
Gross Motor
Donette is extremely self-conscious. She believes that she is the focus of everyone else’s attention and concern. Donette is experiencing a cognitive distortion known as __________.
the imaginary audience
This researcher built on Freud's work and presents development as a series of "crises" that one must work through.
Erikson
In the Babies documentary, what is the bonding hormone studied between parents and babies?
Oxytocin
Piaget’s conservation-of-liquid task demonstrates that preoperational children’s thinking is characterized by __________ in that they focus on one aspect of a situation, neglecting other important features.
centration
This mental faculty, which we learn about in intro to psychology, begins to use better strategies and become more organized, supporting children's abilities to learn deeply during this stage of life.
Memory
Carlie engages in binge eating, followed by deliberate vomiting, purging with laxatives, excessive exercise, and strict dieting or even fasting. Carlie suffers from __________.
bulimia
In Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Model, this system is the one immediately outside the individual, encompassing the places where one spends considerable time.
Microsystem
This Piaget stage is typically observed by 2 years of age, often earlier, when children understand that objects continue to exist even when out of sight.
Object Permanence
By the end of early childhood, children increasingly understand that other people can have beliefs, desires, and intentions that differ from their own.
Theory of mind
By middle childhood, children are capable of strong planning, inhibition, flexible thinking, and goal-directed behavior. These abilities falls under the umbrella of _________
executive functioning
Emelia accepts her family’s religious beliefs without question. She has never reconsidered them. She is characterized by identity __________.
foreclosure