Vygotsky
This concept describes the gap between actual competence level (independently solved) and potential developmental level (what can be solved with guidance)
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
Piaget's Cognitive Development has _____ Stages...
4
Erikson's Psychosocial Development theory has ____ stages.
8
Super's developmental theory is often visually represented by a _______ . Why?
A rainbow. Because it is not linear.
I used the Heinz dilemma to create my theory of moral development?
Kohlberg
According to Vygotsky Learning is a product of_________?
-Social interaction (especially with adults)
-Social world mediates cognitive development
According to Piaget what drive or motivates us to learn?
Disequilibrium
Erikson describes "crisis" as:
Critical point when individual must adaptively or maladaptively cope with task
Name the 3 main aspects of Super's development theory:
Life-span
Life-space
Self-concept
This psychologist used baby monkeys to show that there is a critical period of attachment when children must have interaction with object, and that social deprivation causes suffering.
Harlow
Piaget and Vygotsky both believed that learning is personally constructed, however, unlike Piaget, Vygotsky's theory included? (2 answers)
-Interaction with others (scaffolding)
-Language as central role in mental health development
According to Piaget, this cognitive process manages how we take in new information and incorporate that into our existing knowledge
Assimilation
Erikson refers to motivating characteristics and beliefs that derive from successful resolution of crisis in each stage as what?
Basic Strengths
Son/daughter, student, leisurite, citizen, worker, spouse, homemaker, parent, pensioner are all examples of what Super calls ____ _______ (2 words).
Life Roles.
This psychologist thought that people learn by actively manipulating object/ideas, inventing their own knowledge through interactions with the world
Piaget
According to Piaget, this cognitive process occurs when new information or experiences causes you to modify your existing schema.
Accommodation
What are Erikson's 8 Stages of Psychosocial Development:
-trust vs. Mistrust
- autonomy vs. Shame and doubt
-initiative vs. Guilt
-industry vs. Inferiority
-identity vs. Identity confusion
- intimacy vs. Isolation
-generativity vs. Stagnation
- integrity vs. Despair
Similar to Vygotsky, this theorist placed great emphasis on environmental influences on development
Bronfenbrenner: Bioecological theory
Name Piaget's Cognitive Developmental stages:
1. Sensorimotor 0-18 months
2. Peroperational 18 mo-7years
3. Concrete Operations 7-11
4. Formal Operations 11-18
Name the basic strengths of Erikson's stages:
Hope
Will
Purpose
Competence
Fidelity
Love
Care
Wisdom
Name the five developmental tasks of Super's theory:
1.Growth: sense of self and basic understanding of world or work
2.Exploration: crystalizing and specifying occupational preferences
3.Establishment: stabilizing, consolidating, advancing
4.Maintenance: holding, updating, and innovating
5.Disengagement: deceleration, retirement planning and retirement living
According to this psychologist, our career choices are based on: Zones of acceptable occupational choices, Eliminating choices based on gender (circumscription), and Compromising: placing self in optimal position within world of work defined by zones
Gottfredson