Universal Grammar
He suggests that all human languages share certain features.
Who is Chomsky?
He has shown that infants exposed to sign language go through the same stages as babies exposed to oral language.
Who is Petitto?
This theory holds that children acquire language as they interact with older children and adults.
What is social interaction theory?
Examples of these include do, is, will.
What are auxiliaries?
The name of the professionals who study language.
Who are Linguists?
A specialized area of the brain designed for language that humans are born with.
What is a language acquisition device?
The development of oral or sign language is the result of this.
What is general cognitive process?
The two forces that affect language development. Teachers should find ways to balance these forces.
Invention and convention
A child saying "bringed" is an example of this.
This person views language as a functional resource and holds that humans acquire language in the course of social interactions.
Who is Halliday?
The process of deciding the details of particular languages.
What is parameter setting?
Pettito used this technology to allow her to look at the brain tissue of young infants to see how the brain tissue develops when exposed to sign language and speech.
What is functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIR)?
These three types of professionals consider the social contexts that influence children's language development.
Sociologists, anthropologists, and educators
The innate knowledge children have that allows them to understand and produce sentences but does not allow them to explain how to do it.
What is implicit knowledge?
These professionals have investigated how children growing up in different speech communities develop the ability to function in these communities.
Who are anthropologists?
In English, these words come before the noun. In other languages, these words come after the noun.
(TWO ANSWERS)
What are prepositions and postpositions?
Language acquisition seems to be a case of both of these.
Nature and nurture
The knowledge of what to say to whom under what circumstances.
What is communicative competence?
These are sometimes acceptable in conversational English, but not always.
What are contractions?
These are the three different approaches to the study of language.
What is language as structure, mental faculty, and functional resource?
One of Lenneberg's six criteria for biologically controlled behavior.
What is....
The behavior emerges before it is necessary?
Its appearance is not the result of a conscious decision?
Its appearance is not triggered by external events?
Direct teaching and intensive practice have little effect?
There is a regular sequence of "milestones" as the behavior develops?
This is likely a critical period for acquisition?
This is the age range when children's language blooms in grammatical conversation.
What is age 2 to 3?
The area in the brain that is responsible for language.
What is the left frontal lobe? (Broca's area)
Children struggle with this when they do not immediately form questions that reflect conventional adult usage. They go through a series of approximations, forming questions adults would never use.
These two approaches have contributed the most to out understanding of language acquisition.
What are language as a mental faculty and as functional resource?