v1
Which of the following commands would allow you to see whether a remote computer is reachable?
a. ip addr ping
b. netstat
c. ping
What is
c. ping
Explanation
ping is a useful utility used to test whether a remote computer is reachable via a TCP/IP network. ping sends an ICMP packet to a remote host requesting a reply.
ifconfig and ip addr are commands that allow you to view and set interface specific network information such as IP addresses and subnet masks. They do not help you test connectivity. (ip addr does not have a ping option.)
ipconfig is not a Linux command; it is a Microsoft Windows command used to view IP address settings.
netstat is not used to test connectivity. netstat displays information about your local computer's network connections.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 12.7 Network Troubleshooting
Which of the following commands initializes a physical volume?
pvscan
vgcreate
lvcreate
pvcreate
what is
pvcreate
Explanation
The pvcreate command initializes physical volumes for later use by the Logical Volume Manager (LVM). LVM provides an alternative method to manage partitions on a Linux system. LVM gives a system administrator more flexibility in allocating storage on a system.
The pvscan command scans all disks for physical volumes and displays the result.
The vgcreate command creates a new volume group.
The lvcreate command creates a new logical volume in a volume group.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 8.3 Logical Volume Manager
You are using LVM on your Linux system to manage the existing volumes.
What command do you enter to scan for logical volumes on the system?
llvvscan
lvpscan
lscan
lvscan
what is
lvscan
Explanation
The lvscan command is a Logical Volume Manager (LVM) command that scans all known volume groups or all supported LVM block devices in the system for logical volumes. LVM provides an alternative method to manage partitions on a Linux system. LVM gives a system administrator more flexibility while allocating storage on a system.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 8.3 Logical Volume Manager
Which of the following commands creates a logical volume named video from the home volume group and configures it with 2 TB of disk space?
lvcreate -L 2T -n video home
vgcreate -L 2T -n video home
vgcreate -L 2T -n home video
lvcreate -L 2T -n home video
what is
lvcreate -L 2T -n video home
Explanation
The lvcreate -L 2T -n video home command creates a logical volume named video from the home volume group and configures it with 2 TB of disk space.
The lvcreate -L 2T -n home video command creates a logical volume named home from the video volume group and configures it with 2 TB of disk space.
The vgcreate -L 2T -n video home command is normally used to create physical volumes, but will return an error since there is no -L option.
The vgcreate -L 2T -n home video command is normally used to create physical volumes, but will return an error since there is no -L option.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 8.3 Logical Volume Manager
Which of the following steps must be completed after creating a logical volumes so that the logical volume can be used to store files?
Create file systems on the volumes and mount them.
Scan for logical volumes and extend them.
Give the volume a descriptive name and allocate space to it.
Add the volume to a volume group and mount the group in the file system.
what is
Create file systems on the volumes and mount them.
Explanation
After logical volumes have been created, the next step is to create file systems on them and then mount them:
A file system is create using mkfs, just as with traditional partitions. Use the following syntax:
mkfs -t file_system /dev/volume_group/logical_volume
You can mount a logical volume using the mount command, just as you would to mount file systems on traditional partitions. Use the following syntax:
mount -t file_system /dev/volume_group/logical_volume/mount_point
Scanning for logical volumes and extending them is not the next step.
Giving the logical volume a descriptive name and allocating space to it is not the next step.
Adding the volume to a volume group and mounting the group in the file system is not the next step.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 8.3 Logical Volume Manager
What would you enter at the command prompt to find the IP address for the xyzcomp.com domain?
host
cd
dir
clear
what is
host xyzcomp.com
Explanation
Use host xyzcomp.com to find the IP address for the xyzcomp.com domain. host displays the IP address for the specified domain name.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 12.5 Hostname and DNS Configuration
What is the full path to the directory that contains user data for all standard users on the system?
/
/home
/root
/var
what is
/home
Explanation
The /home directory contains the user data for all users on the Linux system except for the root user account. When you plan partitions, you should create a separate partition for the /home directory.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 3.1 Linux System Design
Most Linux distributions propose to create the root (/) and swap partitions by default.
To prevent user files and system log files from filling up the / partition, which additional partitions are you MOST strongly advised to create? (Select TWO).
/home
/opt
/boot
/tmp
/var
/usr
what is
/home
&
/var
Explanation
To prevent user files and system log files from filling up the / partition, it is strongly recommended that you create additional partitions for the /home and /var directories. Users will save files in the /home directory, and system log files will be saved in the /var directory. User files and system log files have the greatest potential to take up all your free hard drive space. And if they are in the same partition as root (/), the system will run poorly if it runs at all.
The /boot, /opt, /tmp, and /usr directories are also recommended for separate partitions for a variety of reasons, but /home and /var are the most strongly recommended.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 3.1 Linux System Design
Which of the following directories MUST remain on the same partition? (Select THREE).
Answer
/dev
/home
/usr
/sbin
/lib
what is
/dev
/sbin
/lib
Explanation
/etc, /bin, /sbin, /lib, and /dev must all be on the same partition. These directories have system configuration files, which are necessary for Linux to function properly.
The /etc directory contains configuration files specific to the system.
The /bin directory contains binary commands that are available to all users.
The /sbin directory contains system binary commands.
The /lib directory contains shared program libraries and kernel modules.
The /dev directory contains device files.
/home and /usr should be placed on separate partitions if possible. The /usr contains system commands and utilities. By default, the /home directory contains the user home directories.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 3.1 Linux System Design
Which of the following utilities is used to manage and monitor software RAID devices?
/dev/mapper
mdadm
pvscan
lvscan
what is
mdadm
Explanation
mdadm is a utility used to manage and monitor software RAID devices.
/dev/mapper is the directory where logical volumes and RAIDs can be found.
lvscan scans all known volume groups in the system for logical volumes and displays the result.
pvscan scans all disks for physical volumes and displays all found physical volumes on the system and their associated volume groups.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 8.3 Logical Volume Manager
What will be the result of the following command?
host www.somedom.com
-A remote console session is initiated with www.somedom.com.
-The hostname of the local machine isset to www.somedom.com.
-The IP address of the computer www.somedom.com is displayed.
-The hostname www.somedom.com isentered into the /etc/hosts file.
what is
The IP address of the computer www.somedom.com is displayed.
Explanation
The host command retrieves the IP address and other information for a FQDN/host name from a DNS server.
To set your local host name, you must edit the /etc/sysconfig/network file. To enter entries into the /etc/hosts file, you must edit it with a text editor. To open a remote console session on a remote computer, you should use a program such as Telnet or SSH.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 12.5 Hostname and DNS Configuration
What is the name of the partition management utility that will both create GUID partitions and create file systems on those partitions?
parted
g parted
party
is party
what is
parted
Explanation
The parted utility is a partition editor that allows you to create GUID partitions and then create file systems on those partitions.
You can use gdisk to create partitions, but you cannot use it to create file systems.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 8.2 GUID Partitions
Which of the following directories is specified by Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) as a mount point for removable media, such as USB storage media, DVDs, CD-ROMs, and Zip disks?
/media
/mnt
/
/mount
what is
/media
Explanation
/media is specified by Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) as a mount point for removable media, such as USB storage media, DVDs, CD-ROMs, and Zip disks.
/mnt is often used for temporarily mounted filesystems. / represents the root directory of the Linux system and is not recommended as a mount point for removable media. /mount is not specified in the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS).
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 8.5 Mounting File Systems
Which of the following directories MUST be part of the partition that holds the root (/) directory? (Select THREE).
/proc
/usr
/etc
/var
/bin
/home
what is
/bin, /etc, /proc
Explanation
Include the following directories as part of the root partition (/): /bin, /dev, /etc, /lib, /proc, /sbin. These directories have system configuration files that are necessary for Linux to function properly. Other directories could exist on different partitions.
The /usr contains system commands and utilities.
By default, the /home directory contains the user home directories.
The /var directory contains data files that change constantly. Some applications log information to this directory and can quickly fill up the volume.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 3.1 Linux System Design
According to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), which of the following directories contains information about the system state and processes?
/root
/proc
/bin
/tmp
what is
/proc
Explanation
Under the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), the /proc directory contains information about the system state and processes. The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) governs the unified file system for Linux systems by defining a standard set of directories, subdirectories, and files.
The /root directory is the root user's home directory. Do not confuse /root with the root of the system (/).
The /bin directory contains binary commands that are available to all users.
The /tmp directory contains temporary files created by programs during system use.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 2.11 Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)
A user calls the help desk to report that she is unable to connect to the network after an upgrade of her Linux operating system. You suspect the problem is related to the network configuration.
Which commands could you use to quickly see the current IP address(es) assigned to her computer? (Select TWO).
ifconfig -a
host
network -a
netstat -a
ip addr show
What is
ifconfig -a
&
ip addr show
Explanation
Use ifconfig -a or ip addr show to show the IP configuration for the workstation. ifconfig with the -a option displays information on all interfaces, whether they are up or down.
netstat shows which sockets are listening, while host shows the hostname information for the machine. There is no network command.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 12.7 Network Troubleshooting
You want to limit Telnet access to three specific users.
Which of the following strategies will BEST accomplish this goal?
Enter the three users' IP addresses in the /etc/usertty file.
Create invalid remote shells for all but the three users allowed access.
Set a limit for Telnet in the /etc/inetd.conf file.
Enter IP address entries for the three users in the /etc/hosts.allow file.
what is
Enter IP address entries for the three users in the /etc/hosts.allow file.
Explanation
Use the /etc/hosts.allow file to list the IP address of the only hosts allowed access.
In the /etc/inetd.conf file, you can only enable or disable telnet completely and cannot place users limits there. The /etc/usertty file can hold restrictions for users based on username, but cannot hold restrictions based on IP address.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 15.5 The xinetd Super Daemon
Which of the following commands partitions the second hard disk on a Linux system?
fdisk /dev/sdc
fdisk /sd0-1
fdisk /dev/sdb
format /dev/sdb1
what is
fdisk /dev/sdb
Explanation
The fdisk /dev/sdb command can be used to open the fdisk utility to partition the second hard disk.
The fdisk /sd0-1 command will return "No such file or directory" since the /sd0-1 device file does not exist.
The format /dev/sdb1 command will format the first partition on the second disk. It will not partition the second hard disk.
The fdisk /dev/sdc command can be used to open the fdisk utility to partition the third hard disk, but not the second hard disk.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 8.1 MBR Disk Partitions
Type the full device file name for the second partition on the hard drive with the lowest ID number.
dev2
/dev/sda2
/dev/root
what is
/dev/sda2
Explanation
/dev/sda2 is the second partition (2) on the hard drive with the lowest ID number (a). /dev/sdxn file names identify hard drives.
A letter follows the sd designation and identifies the ID of the hard drive.
At the end of the name, a number identifies the partition on the drive.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 8.1 MBR Disk Partitions
Under the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), what is the full path to the directory that contains the device files for a Linux system?
/
/root
/dev
/gparted
what is
/dev
Explanation
Under the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), the /dev directory contains the device files for a Linux system. The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) governs the unified file system for Linux systems by defining a standard set of directories, subdirectories, and files.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 2.11 Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)
Which of the following configuration files holds the name of the host?
.rhosts
/etc/networks
/etc/hosts
/etc/hostname
what is
/etc/hostname
Explanation
The /etc/hostname file holds the variables that define the host and domain names. On some new distributions, particularly Red Hat derivative distributions, you will find this information in /etc/sysconfig/network.
The /etc/hosts file is used on small networks in place of DNS to list the hosts on the network and their IP addresses. The /etc/networks file lists known networks the hosts can communicate with, while the .rhosts file lists hosts allowed to remotely connect to this host.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 12.5 Hostname and DNS Configuration
Which partition management utility can be used to define and change various different GUID partition configurations without committing the configuration to the disk until the w command is used?
lsblk
parted
fdisk
gdisk
what is
gdisk
Explanation
The gdisk utility allows you to define and change various different GUID partition configurations. The configurations are only saved in memory until you are ready to commit them to disk.
The fdisk utility allows you to do the same thing, but only with MBR partitions.
The parted utility writes the configuration to disk immediately as you define it.
The lsblk utility is used to list block devices.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 8.2 GUID Partitions
Tom, a Linux administrator, has installed a new hard disk. He creates two primary partitions, sdb1 and sdb2, and one extended partition, sdb3. He formats sdb1 with ext3 and sdb2 as a swap area. When Tom attempts to format sdb3 as a swap area, he is unable.
Which of the following explains why Tom can't format sdb3?
A swap area can only reside on the second primary partition.
Only a primary partition can be formatted as a swap area.
A single drive can only have one swap area.
An extended partition can't be formatted.
what is
An extended partition can't be formatted.
Explanation
An extended partition can't be formatted.
A swap area can be located on any partition.
A swap area can be located on a primary partition or a logical partition within the extended partition.
A single drive can have multiple swap areas.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 8.1 MBR Disk Partitions
Which of the following commands/command sequences can be used to view the partition information on the first hard disk? (Select TWO.)
fdisk /dev/sd1, then press p
cat /etc/part
cat /proc/part
fdisk /dev/sda, then press p
fdisk -l
what is
fdisk /dev/sda, then press p
&
fdisk -l
Explanation
Both the fdisk -l command and the fdisk /dev/sda command followed p can be used to view partition information for the first hard disk. The /proc/partitions file also holds partition information, but is difficult to read.
The cat /proc/part command will most likely return "No such file or directory" since the /etc/part file does not likely exist.
The cat /etc/part command will most likely return "No such file or directory" since the /etc/part file does not likely exist.
The fdisk /dev/sd1 command will return "No such file or directory" since the /dev/sd1 file does not exist. (The first disk is sda, not sd1.)
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 8.1 MBR Disk Partitions
Type the full device file name for the first partition on the hard drive with the third lowest ID number.
/dev/sdc1
/dev/sdc3
/dev/sdc2
what is
/dev/sdc1
Explanation
/dev/sdc1 is the first partition (1) on the hard drive with the third lowest ID number (c). /dev/dsxn file names identify hard drives and partitions.
A letter follows the sd designation and identifies the ID of the hard drive.
At the end of the name, a number identifies the partition on the drive.
References
TestOut Linux Pro 5.0 - 8.1 MBR Disk Partitions