Fatty Acids
What kind of functional group do all fatty acids end in?
Carboxylic acid/ -COOH
How many fatty acid chains are in triacylglycerides?
3
Phospholipids contain what special group that sets it apart from fatty acids?
Phosphate group
What types of fatty acids (saturated or unsaturated) have single bonds only?
saturated
What state of matter are fats usually in?
solid
What do bile salts do in the body?
Break down large fat globules
What shape does a cis double bond make?
bridge shape
What happens to bonds in a hydrogenation reaction?
Double bonds to single bonds
How many rings are fused together to make a steroid?
4 total: 3 cyclohexane, 1 cyclopentane
Which kinds of fatty acids (saturated or unsaturated) have a HIGHER melting point?
saturated, they pack together better (like pringles!)
Which kind of unsaturated fatty acid raises LDL cholesterol (bad) and lowers HDL cholesterol (good)?
trans-fatty acids
Cholesterol is what type of compound? (fatty acid, phospholipid, steroid, triacylglyceride, etc.)
steroid
What do prostaglandins do in the body? (Name 1)
contraction/relaxation of blood vessels, muscles, responsible for high/low blood pressure, inflammation/pain
What reaction is used to turn fats into soaps?
Saponification
Which part of a lipoprotein sphere is hydrophilic?
outside