Phonological Awareness
An awareness of and the ability to manipulate speech units, including words, syllables, onsets, rimes, & sounds; a broad term
What is phonological awareness?
Two or more letters at the beginning or end of words that are blended together but represent 2 or more sounds
What is a blend or cluster?
Smallest unit of language that has meaning
What is a morpheme?
The ability to read accurately, quickly, expressively, with good phrasing, and with good comprehension
What is fluency?
Involves verbalizing one’s inner thoughts when reading or completing a task; can be used to model comprehension strategies
What is a think aloud?
The medial & final part of the word; contains the vowel & ending sound; the part that rhymes
What is a rime?
Identifying words by using letter-sound and structural analysis, aka sounding out
What is decoding?
Part of a word; a prefix or suffix
What is an affix?
Reading with expression, intonation, melody, and rhythm; a component of fluency
What is prosody?
Features that aid one’s understanding of a nonfiction text, i.e. bullets, captions, boldface print, headings
What are text features?
The occurrence in a phrase or line of speech; 2 or more words having the same beginning sounds
What is alliteration?
Written letter(s) that make up an individual sound
What is a grapheme?
Words that appear in printed material with a high rate of occurrence; most have irregular spellings
What are high frequency words?
This technique involves repeated readings of a script and then an oral reading performance
What is a Reader's Theater?
These are groups of students who work together to discuss a book; each student has an assigned role
What are literature circles?
A single sound made by an individual letter or a combination of letters
What is a phoneme?
Two consonants that together make a new sound
What is a digraph?
The process of analyzing or breaking down a word or terms or its meaning units
What is morphemic analysis?
Accurate, speedy word recognition that is fast & effortless; a component of fluency
What is automaticity?
The way a text is organized; examples of expository types include cause-effect & comparison-contrast
What is text structure?
An awareness that words are made of individual sounds and these sounds can be manipulated
What is phonemic awareness?
The study of the systematic relationship between letters and sounds
What is phonics?
Words in different languages derived from the same root
What are cognates?
An assessment tool that involves a recording or one’s oral reading skills; used to assess one’s reading accuracy, fluency, and text comprehension
What is a running record?
A method of teaching reading in small groups; students are grouped by and instructed at their instructional reading levels
What is guided reading?