Earth's Layers & Soil
What layer is directly under the Earth's crust?
Mantle
Which volcano releases an ash cloud?
Stratovolcano or composite volcano
What happens in the mantle?
Convection currents
What tool do we use to collect data and determine the epicenter of an earthquake?
Seismograph
List the abiotic and biotic components of soil
Abiotic- broken down rock
Biotic- bacteria and other organisms living in soil, organic waste
Where do most earthquakes occur?
at the edges of plates/ fault lines/ transform boundaries
What creates sedimentary rock?
weathering and erosion then compaction and cementation
Another word for Harbor wave
Tsunami
Rank the 3 earthquake waves in terms of their damage caused. (most to least)
L Waves
S Waves
P Waves
What part of the rock cycle creates soil?
Weathering and erosion break rocks down into soil.
Why do the plates move?
Convection currents
Horizontal layering in sedimentary rock is called what?
Bedding
List 2 causes of tsunamis
Describe the movement of all three earthquake waves
P- pull and compress
S- up and down
L- side to side (on surface)
Define the Earths core as more or less viscous than the mantle
Less viscous (more liquid) because it is hotter
What geologic features are created by continental to continental convergent boundaries?
Mountains
What's the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rock?
Extrusive- cools above ground
Intrusive- cools below ground
As tsunamis travel across open water what happens to their speed?
It increases
Effusive and Explosive Eruptions- what is the lava viscosity of each?
Effusive- Low viscosity
Explosive- High Viscosity