Lab Values
AST/ALT
What is 0-35 and 4-36?
group of small blood vessels and tiny purple, red, or brown spots on the skin.
What is spider angioma and petechiae?
cause of hepatic encephalopathy
What are increased ammonia levels?
T or F. Albumin levels will increase with liver disease.
shunting blood around the scarred liver tissue
What is TIPS?
Bilirubin
What is 0.1 to 1.2?
cause blood to be redirected to smaller veins
Portal HTN
occurs when toxins build up in brain
What is altered mental status?
keeps fluid in the bloodstream so it doesn't leak into other tissues and carries hormones, vitamins, and enzymes
What is albumin?
helps with ascites and SOB, or a diagnostic purpose, like determining if there is malignancy
What is paracentesis?
serum ammonia
What is 15-45?
Portal HTN causes this life-threathening problem
Wha is esophageal varices?
asterixis and fetor hepaticus
What is (finger flapping), (strange, foul-smelling breath)
Stretch marks due to ab growth/ascites
rubber band-like ligature slipped over the esophageal verix via endoscope
What is treatment for esophageal varices?
albumin
what is 3.5-5?
not enough made; contribute to continued bleeding
What are clotting factors?
Side effects - diarrhea, dehydration, and abdominal pain
What is lactulose?
weight gain, pedal edema, and/or dyspnea
What S/s of fluid build-up?
2 g/24 hr in patients with hepatic/renal impairment
What is daily limit for Tylenol?
PT
tachy, low BP, precautions, coagulation studies, blood in stool and emesis
What is Nursing care for bleeding risk?
dietary restriction that will decrease ammonia
What is protein?
a complication - ab pain, fever, increased ascites and/or encephalopathy
What is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?
tachycardia, hypotension, tachypnea, hypothermia, late stage low O2 sat
What are signs of hypovolemic shock?