LIVER LABS 💉
This liver enzyme(s) is most specific for liver injury.
ALT & AST
Name 2 things that the Liver metabolizes.
-protein
-fats
-carbs
-drugs/toxins
This procedure removes excess peritoneal fluid.
Paracentesis
This hormone causes sodium and water retention in cirrhosis.
Aldosterone
This diuretic is first-line for ascites.
Spironolactone
This lab is prolonged in liver disease due to decreased clotting factor production.
PT/INR
This plasma protein maintains oncotic pressure and prevents third spacing.
Albumin
Cirrhosis causes pain in what quadrant?
RUQ
This condition causes functional kidney failure without structural kidney damage.
Hepatorenal Syndrome
This medication must be used cautiously due to nephrotoxicity in renal impairment.
Neomycin
Dark urine and clay-colored stools indicate failure to excrete this substance.
The liver converts this toxic byproduct of protein metabolism into urea.
Ammonia
This complication of portal hypertension causes pancytopenia.
Splenomegaly
Activation of RAAS in cirrhosis causes the kidneys to retain this electrolyte, worsening ascites and edema.
Sodium
What drug classes are used for prevention in Esophageal Varicies?
beta blockers and nitrates
This lab accumulates in hepatic encephalopathy and causes confusion and asterixis.
Ammonia
What does the Liver store for energy reserves?
Glycogen
This neuromuscular finding is a classic sign of hepatic encephalopathy.
Asterixis
The liver normally converts ammonia into this substance for renal excretion.
Urea
This medication causes vasoconstriction to control variceal bleeding.
Ocreotide
When the Liver is damaged, what enzyme may leak into the bloodstream?
ALP
This substance is produced by the liver to help digest fats and eliminate bilirubin.
Bile
This musty odor of the breath is caused by accumulation of dimethyl sulfide.
fetor hepaticus
Sudden oliguria in hepatorenal syndrome is defined as less than this amount per day. (___ mL/day)
500 mL/day
This benzodiazepine is preferred because it is not metabolized by the liver.
Oxazepam (Serax)