Nutrition
What is Nutrition?
Nutrition is the science of dealing with the utilization of food by the body processes which transform food into body tissues and energy.
What is nutrient is essential for life and health?
Vitamins
What is the purpose of a feed ration?
It provides animals with a balanced amount of nutrients each day to meet their specific needs for maintenance, growth, reproduction, or production.
True or False: The two common signs of protein deficiency in animals causes stunted growth and muscle loss because protein is essential for building tissues and maintaining bodily functions.
True
What are the 4 gi tracts we discussed?
Pseudo ruminant
Ruminant
Avian
Monogastric
What is a nutrient?
A single class of food or group of like foods that aids in the support of life and makes it possible for animals to grow or provide energy for physiological processes.
True or false: Carbs are the largest part of the animal’s food supply
True
Define the term "feedstuff" and give two examples.
It is an ingredient that provides nutrients in an animal's diet. Examples include alfalfa hay (roughage) and soybean meal (protein concentrate).
A farmer notices her cattle are unusually tired and less active. Based on what you’ve learned, what nutrient might be lacking and why?
Carbohydrates might be lacking because they are the primary source of energy, and without enough, animals can become lethargic.
What compartment is the largest in the ruminant digestive system?
The portion of the nutrient which may be broken down and absorbed and used by the body is what type of nutrient?
Digestible Nutrient
What vitamin helps with eyesight?
Vitamin A
A goat farmer is using hay and soybean meal. The hay contains 8% protein, and the soybean meal contains 44%. If the farmer wants a 16% protein ration, can the Pearson Square method be used? Explain.
Yes, because the desired protein level (16%) falls between the protein levels of the two ingredients.
A goat has weakened bones and is having trouble standing. What nutrient is likely missing, and how does it usually help the animal?
Calcium is likely missing because it helps build and maintain strong bones.
True or false: the monogastric system is a double chambered stomach
false, it is a single chambered stomach
What are the 6 essential nutrients needed by animals?
What are the 2 types of carbs?
Simple and Complex
Describe one reason a farmer might choose to use silage instead of dry hay.
Silage is easier to digest due to fermentation and is more suitable in areas with limited drying time for hay.
What is water intoxication, and when is an animal most at risk for it?
It happens when an animal drinks too much water too quickly, especially after being dehydrated.
What is the transit time for the avian system?
a:27-48 hours
b:67 hours
c:12-24 hours
d:16-32 hours
C: 12–24 hr total GI transit — faster than any other livestock species
What nutrient is needed in small amounts?
Vitamins
What are the 2 sources of protein?
Animal proteins and vegetable proteins
What are two advantages of using a Total Mixed Ration (TMR)?
All nutrients are balanced in every bite, and animals are less likely to sort through feed.
What is the most effective long-term strategy to prevent nutrient deficiencies and toxicities in livestock?
Regular monitoring and feeding balanced rations is the best way to prevent both.
What digestive system is a hindgut fermenter?
Pseudo Ruminant