Level of Organization
Endocrine
and Nervous Systems
and Nervous Systems
Digestive System
Circulatory and Respiratory Systems
Excretory System
100
This is the smallest unit of life - ALL living organisms are made of this. Provide an example.
Cells
Example:
Eukaryotic (nucleus)
Prokaryotic (no nucleus - bacteria)
100
This is a small organ that releases hormones. Provide an example.
Glands
Example: Pancreas releases insulin
100
Provide an example of a micro(small)-molecule and it's macro(large)-molecule.
Small (micro) Large (Macro)
Glucose → Carbohydrates
100
Describe the respiratory system and name one primary organ.
The respiratory system exchanges O2 + CO2 between organism and environment. The lungs are the primary organ.
100
This organ filters waste and excess water from the blood and are bean-shaped.
Kidneys
200
This is groups of cells with similar structure and function. Provide an example.
Tissue
Examples:
Muscular tissue
Epithelial tissue (skin)
Connective tissue (blood vessels)
200
These are chemical messages released in the body.
Hormones
200
After food enters the mouth, where does the food go next?
Pharynx
Esophagus
200
These are air sacs, surrounded by blood vessels (capillaries) allowing exchange of O2 + CO2 from blood.
Alveoli
200
When a person breathes out of the lungs, they release water and what other waste product?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
300
This is a structure of two or more tissues working together to perform a specialized function. Provide an example.
Organ
Examples:
Stomach (muscle + epithelial tissues)
Lungs (connective tissues + muscles)
Heart (muscles + connective tissues)
300
These are cells with receptors for a specific hormone
Target Cells
300
After food enters the mouth and passes through the esophagus, then to the stomach, where does the food go next?
Small and large intestines
300
This blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart.
Artery
300
This is the largest organ in the body and provides protection for the body.
Skin
400
This is groups of organs working together to perform a function. Provide an example.
Organ System
Example:
Circulatory system = heart + connective tissue + blood cells + veins + arteries
400
These are nervous system cells that the body uses to communicate.
Neurons
400
Name an accessory organ that breaks down food molecules by secreting an enzyme
a) Salivary glands = secretes amylase.
b) Pancreas = secretes insulin.
c) Liver = secretes bile to detoxify blood.
d) Gallbladder = stores bile
400
This links artery and veins to perform an exchange of materials such as nutrients and gases in the blood.
Capillary
400
Which organ system in humans removes wastes from the body?
Excretory System
500
Regents Question:
An organelle differs from an organ in that an organelle
a) is a substructure of a cell
b) contains one specific type of tissue
c) is larger than an organ
d) cannot be stained
a) is a substructure of a cell
500
Regents Question:
Which substances are found on cell surfaces and respond to nerve and hormone signals?
a) starches and simple sugars
b) subunits of DNA
c) vitamins and minerals
d) receptor molecules
d) receptr molecules
500
The organ represented by letter C is most probably the
a) esophagus
b) small intestine
c) stomach
d) large intestine
c) stomach
500
Regents Question:
Which body system is correctly paired with its function?
a) excretory — produces antibodies to fight disease-causing organisms
b) digestive — produces hormones for storage and insulation
c) circulatory — transports materials for energy release in body cells
d) respiratory — collects waste material for digestion
c) circulatory — transports materials for energy release in body cells
500
Regents Question:
If a doctor noticed a dramatic increase of urea, a toxic waste, in the blood, he would predict a malfunction of the:
a) circulatory system
b) excretory system
c) digestive system
d) reproductive system
b) excretory system