Living Environment
an example of recycling is ... (1) using a paper cup instead of a mug (2) turning off the lights when leaving a room (3) using plastic from a soda bottle to make a certain type of clothing (4) using paper towels rather than five to clean up a spill
(3) using plastic from a soda bottle to make a certain type of clothing
DNA replication occurs in preparation for (1) mitosis, only (2)meiosis, only (3) both mitosis and meiosis (4) neither mitosis or meiosis
(3) both mitosis and meiosis
On the Periodic Table, the number of protons in an atom of an element is indicated by its (1) atomic mass (2) atomic number (3) selected oxidation states (4) number of valence electrons
(2) atomic number
what type of bonding is present in a sample of an element that is malleable? (1) ionic (2) metallic (3) nonpolar covalent (4) polar covalent
(2) metallic
which quantity can vary among atoms of the same element? (1) mass number (2) atomic number (3) number of protons (4) number of electrons
(1) mass number
which structures regulate water loss and gas exchange in the leaves of plants?.... (1) vacuoles (2)cholorplasts (3)guard cells (4) mitochondria
(3) guard cells
When a natural disaster destroys a stable ecosystem, the area is temporarily less stable than before. This is most likely due to (1) a decrease in biodiversity (2) an increase in the number of food chains (3) an increase in the number of species (4) a decrease in the rate of mutation
(1) a decrease in biodiversity
compared to a potassium atom, a potassium ion has (1) a smaller radius (2) a larger radius (3) fewer protons (4) more protons
(1) a smaller radius
what is the number of electrons shared in the multiple carbon-carbon bond in one molecule of 1-pentyne? (1) 6 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 8
(1) 6
Which phrase best describes a gene? (1) a segment of a DNA molecule found only in the body cells of an organism (2) a segment of a DNA molecule found only in the gametes of an organism (3) a segment of a DNA molecule that contains the instructions for producing a trait in an organism (4) a segment of a DNA molecule that contains the instructions for producing all the characteristics of an organism
(3) a segment of a DNA molecule that contains the instructions for producing a trait in an organism
A shark and a dolphin have similarly shaped bodies and fins. However, these two organisms are not closely related: The shark is a fish and the dolphin is a mammal. Some species may have similar body structures even if they are not related because they evolved in... (1) similar environments and specific traits increased their chances of survival (2) similar environments and were exposed to factors that caused exactly the same mutations (3) different environments, but tried to adapt in the same ways so they could survive (4) different environments, but ate similar foods that affected their growth and development
(1) similar environments and specific traits increased their chances of survival
A farmer wanted to rid his apple tress of a particular leaf-eating insect. He sprayed his trees with an insecticide that killed 98% of the insects. The survival of 2% of this population of insects is most likely due to (1) genes obtained from another species (2) certain chemicals that stimulated overproduction (3) variations that resulted from sexual reproduction (4) their ability to produce food from the pesticide
(3) variations that resulted from sexual reproduction
which phrase describes two forms of solid carbon, diamond, and graphite at STP? (1) the same crystal structure and the same properties (2) the same crystal structure and different properties (3) different crystal structures and the same properties (4) different crystal structures and different properties
(4) different crystal structures and different properties
An atom that has 13 protons and 15 neutrons is an isotope of the element? (1) nickel (2) silicon (3) aluminum (4) phosphorus
(3) aluminum
At one point, scientists observed that the ozone shield was getting thinner. They warned that the loss of effectiveness of this shield may lead to an increase in (1) allergies to ozone (2) mutations that lead to cancer (3) viral diseases, such as AIDS (4) ice formation at the poles
(2) mutations that lead to cancer
Birch bolete is a fungus that normally grows on the roots of the birch trees in New York State. During the life of the fungus and the birch, each organism receives nutrients from the various biochemical processes of the other. According to this information, it can be inferred that these two species (1) are both predators (2) require the same amount of sunlight (3) require a similar soil pH (4) recycle the remains of dead organisms
(3) require a similar soil pH
which type of organic reaction produces both water and carbon dioxide? (1) addition (2) combustion (3) esterification (4) fermentation
(2) combustion
Powdered sulfur is yellow, and powdered iron is gray. When powdered sulfur and powdered iron are mixed at 20 degrees Celsius, the powdered iron (1) becomes yellow (2) becomes a liquid (3) remains ionic (4) remains magnetic
(4) remains magnetic
One effect of uncontrolled diabetes is that the blood might develop an acidic pH. As a result, cells may not be able to regulate their internal pH. Within these cells, this could cause a disruption of the function of biological catalysts known as (1) enzymes (2) toxins (3) antibodies (4) antigens
(1) enzymes
In the early 1900s, experiments were conducted on two caterpillar species. The members of the two species were each divided into two groups. One group of each species was placed under red light, while the other group of each species was kept in the dark. When the caterpillars developed into butterflies, their wings showed extreme color differences. Exposure to red light resulted in intensely colored wings, while those kept in the dark had paler wing colors. The color differences were most likely due to (1) mutations in the color-producing genes (2) the caterpillars in the red light producing more DNA (3) gene expression being affected by the environment (4) the caterpillars in the dark evolving less than those in the light
(3) gene expression being affected by the environment
Genetic engineering has the potential to correct human genetic disorders. In gene therapy, a defective gene is replaced by using a virus to insert a normal gene into the cells of an individual. This treatment will be most successful if the virus is inserted into cells that (1) lack a nucleus (2) are recycled after death, rather than removed from the body (3) carry out specific function, rather than multiple functions (4) continue to divide during the life of the patient
(4) continue to divide during the life of the patient