Definitions
Define the terms recreation and leisure.
Recreation - The time a person chooses to do enjoyable activities.
Leisure - The total time available for a person, apart from work and sleep.
What is an example of a lifestyle disease?
- Cardiovascular disease
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Obesity
(Behaviours and lifestyle choices).
What was the purpose of the ancient Olympic Games?
It was a festival to honour the gods (Zeus)
What are some negative impacts of racism in sport?
- Social exclusion
- Unequal opportunities (Selection processes, sponsorships, media, funding, facilities)
- Stereotyping and bias (Selection processes)
- Verbal and physical abuse
What is the life expectancy gap between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians?
Provide an example of a passive recreational activity and an active recreational activity.
Active - Running 400m.
Passive - Reading a book.
Define life expectancy.
An approximation of the total number of years, starting at birth, that a person is expected to live.
What year were the first modern Olympics held?
1896
Why is sport an important vehicle for conveying messages to the public?
•Raising Awareness: Athletes are well-known and have a platform where they can highlight important political and social issues, that people may not know of or pay attention to.
•Inspiring Action: Athletes can encourage their fans to get involved , whether it’s voting, joining protests or supporting causes. Their influence can get more people involved.
•Humanising Issues: By sharing their own stories or experiences, athletes can make political issues feel more real and urgent, helping people understand them better.
•Leveraging Influence: Athletes can use their platform to push for changes and make it harder for leaders to ignore problems.
•Creating Dialogue: When athletes make political statements, it can start conversations and debates, helping people think more deeply about important issues.
•Showing Solidarity: Athletes can stand up for and support groups that are treated unfairly, helping to bring different people together to fight for justice and equality.
What is a health problem facing Australian teenagers? Explain why this happens?
Key issues include:
•mental health challenges (like anxiety and depression)
•physical health problems (such as obesity)
•lifestyle-related issues (like poor diet and inactivity)
•Illegal drug use
•Family and domestic violence
•Unwanted pregnancy
•Sexual Violence
•Excessive screen time
Name 4 features of a sport.
- Organised rules
- Roster for the competition
- Officials (referees and coaches)
- Uniforms
- Structured
- Governing body
- World Rankings
- Fees
- Specific venues/times
What is a pandemic? Provide one example.
A global health issue e.g., Covid-19
Who started the modern Olympic Games? What events are similar to the ancient Olympic events?
1. Pierre De Coubetin.
2. Foot races, jumping, discus throwing, javelin throwing, wrestling, the pentathlon, and boxing.
The Adam Goodes Documentary "The Final Quarter" is an example of racism in sport. What was his experience with racism? What did his experiences lead to?
Adam Goodes (Indigenous AFL player) - received persistent racial abuse including constant booing and racist comments. This mistreatment ultimately resulted in his early retirement from AFL. His experiences sparked a nationwide conversation in sports, highlighting the need for change and greater awareness.
Increased dialogue, raising awareness, inspiring action.
How can cultural disconnection/Chronic disease impact the life expectancy gap for Indigenous Australians?
CULTURAL DISCONNECTION:
Cultural connection is a protective factor. If an individual is experiencing cultural disconnection, it can decrease their mental health (3 x more likely to experience psychological distress). Additionally, if health care is not culturally aware or safe, Indigenous Australians are less likely to access it (Lack of trust).
CHRONIC DISEASE:
- Pre-disposed to particular diseases (particularly with reference to the heart).
- Lifestyle/behavioural problems (Dietary choices, physical activity, tobacco/smoking, alcohol/substance use). Increases risk of diabetes, respiratory disease, heart disease and psychological distress, reducing life expectancy.
What is the difference between a sport and recreational activity.
Sport refers to organised physical activity. It is typically competitive with structured rules and regulations and has a governing body. Recreational activities refer to activities done for relaxation, enjoyment and personal fulfillment.
Define Mortality and Morbidity.
Mortality - refers to the number of deaths in a given period (usually presented per 100 000 population in a 12-month period).
Morbidity - refers to the rate at which a particular disease or illness occurs within a population
What is one benefit, and one issue associated with hosting the Olympic Games?
BENEFITS:
- increased tourism and community involvement
- boosts local economy
- increases trade opportunities
- Increases a sense of national pride
ISSUES:
- Financial drain
- Expensive infrastructure
- Stain on public services
- Displacement
- Buildings fall into disuse
What is an example of women in sport? What did they achieve? How did they convey a message to the public?
Responses will vary:
•Billie Jean King
•Wilma Rudolph
•Nova Peris
•Naomi Osaka
•Simone Biles
•Cathy Freeman
•Evonne Goolagong Cawley
•Serena Williams
•Kathrine Switzer
•Donnell Wallam
•Renee Montgomery
•Ann Meyers Drysdale
•Brittney Griner
•Venus Williams
•Martina Navratilova
How can access to health services OR SES impact the life expectancy gap for Indigenous Australians?
HEALTHCARE ACCESS:
- Delayed diagnosis and treatment (or no diagnosis and treatment).
- Worsen/exacerbate conditions.
- Distance/travel (geographical isolation).
- Lack of services in remote areas.
- Lack of trust.
SES:
- Lower average income and higher unemployment rates.
- Inadequate housing.
- Limited access to nutritious food, resources and healthcare.
- Energy poverty (electricity).
- Leads to chronic conditions.
What is the difference between leisure and recreation.
Leisure refers to the total time available for a person that is not occupied by work, studies and sleep. Recreation refers to the activities we engage in during leisure time.
Select one of the following global pandemics: Spanish Flu, Black Plague or Covid-19. What was this diseases effect on human health with reference to its spread, prevention and cure.
•Lead to millions of deaths worldwide (estimated to be over 6 million)
•Can cause long term health issues including severe respiratory issues and long Covid symptoms. Also exacerbates existing health conditions.
•Increased anxiety, depressions and PTSD due to isolation, fear of illness and economic impacts.
•Healthcare responses included the introduction of Telehealth and the creation of vaccination programs.
•Measures to decrease transmissions were lockdowns, social distancing, mask mandates and vaccination campaigns. Control measures like Quarantine, contact tracing, and travel restrictions were also put into place.
•Vaccines were developed using mRNA and viral vectors. Antiviral medications were also introduced.
What is the Olympic Truce?
The “Olympic truce” was used to provide reassurance of safe participation and for a peaceful environment for both the athletes competing in the games and the spectators in the audience.
Provide an example of politics in sport. What happened? How can sport be used to covey a message?
Responses will vary:
e.g., The black power salute, 1980 Moscow Olympics Boycott, Colin Kaepernick.
BPS:
•Event: Medal ceremony for the men's 200-meter race at the 1968 Olympics in Mexico City.
•Athletes: Tommie Smith (gold) and John Carlos (bronze) from the USA.
•Action: Both raised a black-gloved fist during the US national anthem; Smith raised his right fist, Carlos his left.
•Symbolism: The salute represented Black Power and human rights. They wore black socks without shoes to symbolize African-American poverty and black scarves for black pride.
•Solidarity: Silver medallist Peter Norman from Australia wore an Olympic Project for Human Rights (OPHR) badge.
•Immediate Reaction: Smith and Carlos were expelled from the Olympic Village and faced backlash.
•Legacy: Their protest is now seen as a significant act of courage in the fight for civil rights and social justice, inspiring future athlete activism
What are the 5 dimensions of health? Provide and example for each.
P.E.M.S.S.
Physical:
•Ideal body weight
•Freedom from illness, disease and injury
•Energy Levels
•Ability to complete physical tasks eg, work, chores, physical activities
•Appropriate levels of fitness
•Strong Immune system
•Well-functioning body systems and organs
Emotional:
•Recognise and understand a range of emotions
•Effectively respond to and manage emotions
•High levels of resilience
Mental:
•Low levels of stress and anxiety
•Positive self esteem
•High levels of confidence
•Positive thought patterns
•From opinions make decisions and use logic
Social:
•Social health relates to the ability to form meaningful and satisfying relationships
•A supportive network of friends
•A supportive and well functioning family
•Productive relationships with others
•Effective communication with others
Spiritual:
•A sense of belonging
•Experiences peace and harmony
•Act according to values and beliefs
•Having a positive sense of meaning and purpose in life