Weeks 1-2
the sum of all the forces acting on an object within a system; includes both magnitude and direction
net force
the transfer of energy by direct contact between objects or particles
conduction
occurs when there is no more transfer of heat energy between or within the objects of a system; when the system's components are at the same temperature
thermal equilibrium
the energy of chemical substances that is released when they undergo a chemical reaction and transform into other substances
chemical potential energy
the mechanical potential energy stored in the configuration of a material
elastic potential energy
the amount of matter in a substance, measured in grams or kilograms
mass
a numerical measurement of how far apart objects or points are; the degree or amount of separation between two points, lines, surfaces, or objects; a measure of the length of the path that an object takes without regard for the starting or ending place or the direction of its travel
distance
a physical phenomenon that includes the attraction between iron and a magnet, is exhibited by both magnets and electric currents and is a type of energy characterized by fields of force
magnetism
a closed (complete) path for electric current to flow as a result of a driving voltage
electrical circuit
a force that opposes relative motion between systems in contact
friction
a type of wave in which the particles oscillate perpendicular to the direction in which the energy propagates
transverse wave
patterns of weather that take place in the troposphere, caused by the motion of warm and cool air around Earth
weather system
detectable events that are observed through the senses or technology; can be explained through scientific laws, ideas, principles, and theories
phenomena
a disturbance or variation that transfers energy progressively from point to point with or without a medium, without transferring matter
wave
a vector quantity (magnitude and direction) that describes the net change in position of an object; the difference between the final and initial positions of an object, regardless of the actual path covered to reach the final position; measured in a straight line
displacement
distance between the same point on two successive waves; distance from crest to crest or trough to trough for two consecutive waves
wavelength
the transfer of energy through currents in liquids or gases
convection
the transfer of energy without a medium
radiation
the chemical process by which plants and other photosynthetic organisms produce their own source of energy (food) using energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose (food)
photosynthesis
the amount of matter in a substance, measured in grams or kilograms
mass
the height of a wave measured from rest to the top of the crest or bottom of the trough of the wave; often used to describe volume of sound or intensity of light
amplitude
motion of an object in only one direction
linear motion
the force that a surface applies to an object that it is in contact with, preventing the object from passing through the surface
normal force
force acting on an object such as pushes and pulls
applied force
a push or pull between two objects
force