Bye Bye Beta
These FDA approved monoclonal antibody drugs target Beta-Amyloid plaques and are meant to slow cognitive and functional decline by removing amyloid plaque:
What are Lecanemab and Donanemab
These drugs increase acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft by blocking its breakdown enzyme acetylcholinesterase (name the drugs):
What are donepezil, rivastigimine, galantamine
This is a drug which can be used primarily for middle to late stage Alzheimer's and added on to CHEIs
What is memantine?
This is a critical and often overlooked feature of Alzheimer's therapy:
What is human support?
Key to have help from family or facility at some point; education to help with preparation
A patient receiving an amlyloid-targeting mAb develops new headaches. What adverse events should be suspected?
What is bleeding due to amyloid angiopathy - can build in brain vessels and lead to vascular leakage
A patient taking donepezil develops GI upset and a runny nose. These are the most likely adverse events to arise next.
What are agitation and vivid dreams?
Memantine protects against neuro degeneration and receptor degradation through this mechanism:
What is blocking NMDA receptors?
What are some non pharmacological therapies we can employ?
What are physical exercise and cognitive therapies such as reminiscence exercises?
These are requirements for patients starting anti amyloid mAb therapy
What are mild disease, biomarker proven amyloid, MRI to assess for CAA, frequent MRIs, apoE testing, and lack of anticoagulation medication
These drugs have been shown to improve cognition, and they have this effect on neurodegeneration:
What is no effect?
Memantine use is associated with the following adverse events including sedation, confusion, dizziness and what other?
What is constipation?
Alzheimers is associated with _______ changes, requiring those caring for patients to be patient themselves
What is personality changes?
These are the imaging abnormalities visible on MRI for some patients with CAA adverse events:
What are ARIA-E and ARIA-H? These are focal edema (only fluid) and focal hemorrhage (with RBCs) --> ARIA-E>ARIA-H
Cholinesterase inhibitors are approved to treat Alzheimer's at these stages:
What is early, middle and late?
There's a drug that consists of a combination of donepezil and memantine. What is it called?
What is Namzaric?
What is one way someone caring for a patient with Alzheimers can improve daily life for them?
What is maintaining a structured routine?