Law
This 1803 Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review, allowing the judiciary to strike down unconstitutional laws.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
This legal principle, meaning "to do good," is often balanced against the "do no harm" principle in medical decision-making.
What is beneficence?
Under the FLSA, this class of employees must be paid overtime at time-and-a-half for any hours worked over 40 in a week.
What is non-exempt?
This U.S. stock exchange, often nicknamed "The Big Board," is the world's largest by the total market capitalization of its listed companies.
What is the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)?
These four components—Product, Price, Place, and Promotion—form the basis of any classic marketing strategy.
What are the 4 Ps (or Four Ps) of marketing?
This U.S. Constitutional Amendment contains the clause that grants criminal suspects the "right to remain silent" before interrogation.
What is the Fifth Amendment?
The three common legal ownership types for U.S. hospitals are for-profit, government-owned, and this third structure which typically receives tax exemptions.
What is non-profit (or not-for-profit)?
This federal law grants eligible employees up to 12 weeks of unpaid, job-protected leave for the birth of a child or a serious health condition.
What is the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)?
This is the collective term for the five factors—Character, Capacity, Capital, Collateral, and Conditions—that lenders use to assess a borrower's creditworthiness.
What are the Five Cs of Credit?
This process, abbreviated SEO, aims to increase the quality and quantity of website traffic by improving visibility in unpaid search results.
What is Search Engine Optimization?
Dating back to ancient Babylon, this is one of the oldest and most complete written legal codes, famous for its "eye for an eye" principle.
What is the Code of Hammurabi?
Latin for "the thing speaks for itself," this legal doctrine helps a plaintiff prove negligence when the injury could not have happened without it.
What is res ipsa loquitur?
What is the national organization that oversees human resources?
Society of Human Resource Management (SHRM)
Harry Markowitz won a Nobel Prize for developing this theory, which suggests an investor can optimize returns by diversifying assets that are not positively correlated.
What is Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT)?
This metric, often abbreviated as CLV or LTV, is the total predicted net profit a business will earn from a single customer over the entire relationship.
What is Customer Lifetime Value?
Under the UK's Salmon Act of 1986, it is illegal to handle this particular type of fish in a "suspicious manner."
What is salmon?
To combat fraud, the False Claims Act primarily targets organizations that submit inaccurate claims to this large federal health insurance program for the elderly.
What is Medicare?
HR often uses this formal document, often called a PIP, to outline performance deficiencies and set specific, measurable goals for an underperforming employee.
What is a Performance Improvement Plan?
Abbreviated DDM, this valuation method is based on the idea that a stock's intrinsic value is the present value of all its expected future cash payouts to shareholders.
What is the Dividend Discount Model?
Also called a USP, this is the unique benefit or feature that clearly sets a company or product apart from its competitors.
What is a Unique Selling Proposition?
This staggering amount of money was once sought by a Washington, D.C., judge from a dry cleaner for losing a single pair of his trousers.
What is $67 million?
This type of consent, often used in emergencies when a patient is unconscious, legally assumes the patient would want life-saving medical treatment.
What is implied consent?
This type of system, abbreviated HRIS, serves as a centralized software solution for managing core HR administrative functions like payroll, benefits, and employee data.
What is a Human Resources Information System?
In finance, this Greek letter is used to measure a stock's volatility.
What is sigma?
This visual metaphor for the buyer's journey often includes stages like Awareness, Consideration, and Conversion.
What is the Marketing Funnel (or Sales Funnel)?