Terms and definitions
Name one problem with this definition:
elf: one who lives in Middle Earth
too broad, too narrow, doesn't state the essential attributes of the term
Portraying someone else's beliefs or arguments in an unfair and inaccurate way
What is the strawman fallacy?
The relationship between an A and an E statement
What is contrariety?
The Barbara or "bullseye" syllogism
What is AAA-1?
If you want to make an omelet, you've gotta break some eggs. Everyone loves omelets, so everyone's gotta break some eggs.
television: the device designed to amuse both children and adults to death
What is a persuasive definition?
Yes, I know that you believe I shouldn't spend all my money on Pokemon cards. But I also know you're a jerk.
What is ad hominem?
The relationship between:
Some Google doc animals are anonymous dinos.
and
Some Google doc animals are not anonymous dinos.
What is subcontrariety?
The fallacy in this syllogism:
All P are M
All S are M
:. All S are P
What is undistributed middle?
The definition of validity
What is
"an argument in which the conclusion necessarily follows given the truth of the premises" ?
Hobbit: the people group in Middle Earth characterized by hairy feet
What is does not state the essential attributes of the term?
Ringwraith: Hinder me? Thou fool. No living man may hinder me!
Eowyn: But no living man am I! You look upon a woman.
What is equivocation?
If E is true, then what are the truth values of the other three statements on the square?
A: F
I: F
O: T
A syllogism with one unstated and assumed statement.
What is an enthymeme?
If God does not exist, then objective moral values and duties do not exist. But objective moral values and duties do exist. Therefore, God does exist.
What is modus tollens?
Name two problems with this definition:
A teacher is someone who can't do, so he or she teaches.
- circular
- stated negatively
If Napoleon died in a plane crash, then Napoleon is dead. Napoleon did not die in a plane crash, so he lives! (i.e., he's not dead!)
What is denying the antecedent?
The following statement in standard form:
Only bearded men are real men.
What is
"All real men are bearded men." ?
The mood and figure of this syllogism:
No soldiers are cowards. Achilles is a soldier. Ergo, Achillies is no coward.
What is EAE-1?
Name all three:
1. p > q :. p > (p*q)
2. p v q ~p :. q
3. p > q q > r :. p > r
2. disjunctive syllogism
3. hypothetical syllogism
What kind of definition does Meno give to Socrates?
Meno: There will be no difficulty, Socrates, in answering your question. Let us take first the virtue of a man-he should know how to administer the state, and in the administration of it to benefit his friends and harm his enemies; and he must also be careful not to suffer harm himself. A woman's virtue, if you wish to know about that, may also be easily described: her duty is to order her house, and keep what is indoors, and obey her husband.
What is defining by example?
From Garfield's Insults, Putdowns, and Slams:
"Did you get a haircut?"
"No, I got them all cut."
What is amphiboly?
haircut - compound noun
hair cut - noun adverb (modifying the verb 'get')
Name and define all relationships on the square of opposition.
What is
contradiction: the statements always have opposite truth values
contrariety: both can be false but not both true
subcontrariety: both can be true but not both false
subimplication: the truth of the universal implies the truth of the particular of the same quality
superimplication: the falsity of the particular implies the falsity of the universal of the same quality
Any and all fallacies in this syllogism:
Some P are M
Some S are M
:. Some S are not P
What is undistributed middle, illicit major, and two affirmative premises and a negative conclusion?
What a sound argument must have
1. clear and unambiguous terms
2. true premises
3. a valid form