Laws of Thought
Deductive vs. Inductive
Logical Fallacies
Terms
Miscellaneous
100

The “Law of Identity” states that:

A. A IS A. or Everything is the same as itself; or a statement cannot remain the same and change its truth value. 

B. A AND NOT A. Nothing can both exist and not exist at the same time and in the same respect; a statement cannot be true and false simultaneously

C. A OR NOT A. Something either exists or does not exist; every statement is either true or false; there is no in between

A. A IS A. or Everything is the same as itself; or a statement cannot remain the same and change its truth value. 

100

A)All humans are mortal; 

B)Socrates is a human; 

C)Therefore Socrates is mortal; 

this is an example of which type of reasoning?

Deductive

100

When one argues that you must accept or reject an argument because everyone accepts/rejects it; they are committing what logical fallacy?

Bandwagon

100

What is a “logical fallacy”?

A. A set of strong reasons & principles that strengthen an argument

B. A failing of reasoning that results in an unsound argument

C. An error of reasoning that can be intentional or unintentional

D. Both B & C

Both B & C

100

Who is known as the Father of Logic?

A. Socrates

B. Plato

C. Aristotle

D. Mr. Trogdon

C. Aristotle

200

The Law of Excluded Middle states:

A. A IS A. or Everything is the same as itself; or a statement cannot remain the same and change its truth value. 

B. A AND NOT A. Nothing can both exist and not exist at the same time and in the same respect; a statement cannot be true and false simultaneously

C. A OR NOT A. Something either exists or does not exist; every statement is either true or false; there is no in between

C. A OR NOT A. Something either exists or does not exist; every statement is either true or false; there is no in between

200

A)Socrates is a human; 

B) since Socrates is not immortal; 

C) all humans must be mortal; 

this is an example of which type of reasoning? 

Inductive

200

When the opponent only presents two alternative points of view when more than two options are available; they are committing what logical fallacy?

False Dichotomy

200

When translated from Greek to English; what does the term "Logos" mean?

A. Reason

B. Word

C. Plan

D. All of the Above

D. All of the Above

200

Who was the teacher of Aristotle?

A. Plato

B. Socrates

C. Alexander the Great

D. Mr. Trogdon

A. Plato

300

“The Law of Non-Contradiction” states that:

A. A IS A. or Everything is the same as itself; or a statement cannot remain the same and change its truth value. 

B. A AND NOT A. Nothing can both exist and not exist at the same time and in the same respect; a statement cannot be true and false simultaneously

C. A OR NOT A. Something either exists or does not exist; every statement is either true or false; there is no in between

B. A AND NOT A. Nothing can both exist and not exist at the same time and in the same respect; a statement cannot be true and false simultaneously

300

A)Michael just moved here from Chicago. 

B)Michael has red hair. 

C)Therefore, all people from Chicago have red hair.

This is an example of what type of reasoning?

Inductive

300

This is a conclusion based on insufficient or biased evidence. In other words, you are rushing to a conclusion before you have all the relevant facts.

Hasty Generalization

300

The Aristotelian Laws of 1) the Law of Identity, 2) The Law of Noncontradiction, 3) The Law of the Excluded are part of what Aristotle calls his:

A. Laws of Reasoning 

B. Laws of Preconceived Notions

C. Laws of Speculation

D. Laws of Thought

D. Laws of Thought

300

Aristotle described logic as “the ___________ we use to come to know anything”?

A. Reasoning

B. Tool

C. Fallacy

D. Truth

B. Tool

400

"You cannot simultaneously be a sophomore and a junior". This is due to which of the 3 Laws of Thought? 

Law of Non-Contradiction

400

A)All noble gases are stable. 

B)Helium is a noble gas,

C)Therefore, helium is stable.

This is an example of which type of reasoning?

Deductive

400

When your opponent intentionally misrepresents a proposition instead of actually debating the real issue; they are committing what logical fallacy?

Strawman

400

What are the types of arguments (Premise A, Premise B, Conclusion) that Aristotle uses in his examples to Aristotelian Logic called?

A. Debates

B. Syllogisms

C. Quarrel 

D. Dissension

B. Syllogisms

400

Deductive reasoning is known as what type of logic?

Formal logic

500

What Law of Thought is being violated in the following statement? 

I somewhat graduated from high school

Law of Excluded Middle

500

Inductive reasoning goes from _______________ principles to a ______________ conclusion

Specific; General

500

Insisting that a claim is true simply because a valid expert on the issue said it was true, without any other supporting evidence offered.

What type of logical fallacy is this?

Appeal to Authority

500

What is a Paradox?

A. An argument that cannot be true

B. An error in reasoning

C. A method of argumentation

D. A statement that seems absurd and contradictory but exposes an apparent truth

D. A statement that seems absurd and contradictory but exposes an apparent truth

500

Which is an example of a paradox?

A. The more you learn, the more you realize you don’t know

B. When heat and humidity mix, it creates thunderstorms

C. Remote learning offers students the ability to work from home

A. The more you learn, the more you realize you don’t know


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