Structure of thought
The mental process through which some particular qualities are mentally separated.
The Abstraction
Is the relationship between two or more propositions that leads to a conclusions
Inference
Type of logic developed by the Greeks in the Roman empire, as well as by the Europeans in the Middle age.
The classical logic
Fallacy that consist in generalizing from very few observed cases.
False generalization
Is a artificial and helps us to recognize the elements of the arguments in the modern logic.
The languaje
Is the intellectual capacity that is responsable for interrelate different views to solve problems
The reasoning
Is a type a of inference, that start from various observations about the same fact, and the conclusion is a statement that can be generalized. (particular to general)
Inductive inference
Type of proposition denominated all S is P (Universal Affirmative)
Type A
Consist of the use of force to impose a vision or opinion.
Appeal to force (argumentum ad baculum)
This logic deals with analyzing formally valid reasonings based on their propositions.
Propositional logic
Is the mental representation of an object, comes from the latin conceptum.
The concept
Leads to necessary conclusions; part of the facts and absolute security, (general to particular).
Deductive inference
Type of proposition that denominates some S is P (Affirmtive Particular).
Type I
Referring to any condition of the person who issues and opinion and ignoring the content of what he says.
Attack to the person (argumentum ad hominem)
Focuses on the relatioship between a quantity and the propositions, distinguishing between individuals and their predicates.
Quantificational logic
Is the relationship that exits between two or more concepts.
The Judgement
The principle that indicates that the inferences must have the same and unique meaning throughout them.
Principle of identity
Is the predicate of the conclusion. Generally This premiss is presented first.
The major premiss
It occurs when an idea or argument is not analyzed but is taken for granted as correct and valid for having been isued by a person with supposed recognition on the subject
Appeal to authority (ad verecundiam)
Is focuses on indicating the belonging or non-belonging of an element within a set. It is very frequent its use for the formulation of scientific models.
Class logic
Reasoning by which an idea is demostrated or justified
The Argument
It tells us that by having two statements that contradict each other. A statement is affirmed or denied; there is no third possibility.
Principle of excluded middle
Is the subject of the conclusion.
Is when in an argument, one of the premises is again and again established as a conclusion, and then conclusion is changed to one of the premises.
Petition of principle
He discovered the moder logic in the nineteenth century
George Boole