Intro to Logic
The definition of Logic
What is "the science and art of reasoning well"?
The definition of a statement.
What are "sentences with truth value"
The definition of argumentation/argument.
When 2 or more people attempt to persuade each other using facts, evidence, logic, and reasoning.
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What is Latin for "To The"
The two parts of a standard categorical statement, the same as English sentences.
What are Subjects and Predicates?
The 3 Laws of Logic
What are "Excluded Middle, Identity, and Noncontradiction"?
What statements are not.
What are Questions, Commands, & Nonsense.
The formal 1vs.1 debate named after 2 presidential candidates.
What are "Lincoln-Douglas debates"?
The definition of logical fallacies
What are: popular but invalid or unhelpful forms of reasoning?
The 2 qualities of categorical statements.
What are affirmative and negative?
The definition of reasoning
Drawing proper conclusions from other information.
The 3 different statement types
What are "Facts, Inferences, & Opinions?"
The 4 parts of the argument scale.
What are "discussion, disagreement, argument, fight"?
After this, therefore, because of that
What is post hoc, ergo, propter hoc.
The two quantities of standard categorical statements
What are universal and particular
A basic type of argument structure where the conclusion connects one category with another.
What are "syllogisms"?
The two categories of statements; they reveal if we need additional information to declare them true/valid.
What are "Supported & Self-Supported"
A reasoning/arguing method based around asking and responding to questions, usually revolving around a certain text. Named for a famous philosopher's methods.
What is a Socratic seminar?
The 3 Categories of Fallacies.
What are "distraction, ambiguity, and form"?
Besides conclusions, these 2 statements work as evidence to support the conclusion.
What are premises (Major and Minor)
The 3 methods of defining terms.
What are "by example, synonym, and genus & species"?
The 4 Relationships between statements.
What are "consistent, implied, equivalent, independent"?
The 3 types of arguments
Verbal, Apparent, and real.
The greatest fallacy of distraction, from which all others are derived.
What is "red herring"?
The 5 relationships between standard categorical statements.
What are contrary, sub-contrary, super-implication, sub-implication, and contradiction?