Definition
Examples of...
Sound/Unsound
Valid/Invalid
Multiple Choice/T or F
Finish the enthymeme
100
This type of reasoning tries to prove their conclusions with rigorous, inescapable logic.
What is a deductive reasoning?
100
If A v B. ~B. Therefore A.
What is a disjunctive syllogism.
100
Marsha went shopping for pants or dresses. Marsha went shopping for pants. Therefore, Marsha did not go shopping for dresses.
What is unsound and invalid?
100
Which of the following is not a common deduction indicator word or phrase? a. Because b. Inasmuch as c. So d. None of the above
What is "So"?
100
Blue is my favorite color, so I’m going to cheer for the Dallas Cowboys.
Blue is my favorite color. The Dallas Cowboys have blue jerseys. So, I'm going to cheer for the Dallas Cowboys.
200
A group of statements, one or more of which are claimed to provide support for (reasons to believe) one of the others.
What is an argument?
200
A v B. A. Therefore ~B.
What is affirming a disjunct.
200
Ms. Ventimiglia is either a good teacher or likes her job. Ms. Ventimiglia likes her job. Therefore, she is not a good teacher.
What is invalid and unsound.
200
The argument “Either today is Monday or today is Tuesday. It is not the case that today is Monday. Today is Tuesday” is an example of:   a. affirming the disjunct b. disjunctive syllogism c. hypothetical syllogism d. none of the above
What is a disjunctive syllogism?
200
Since jazz relaxes me, I listen to jazz while I do my homework.
Jazz relaxes me. I should be relaxed when I do my homework. So, I listen jazz while I do my homework.
300
This three part argument tries to show that its conclusion is plausible (likely or probable), given the truth of its premises.
What is a syllogism?
300
Either Rembrandt painted the Mona Lisa or Michelangelo did. Rembrandt didn't paint the Mona Lisa. Therefore, Michelangelo did.
What is a disjunctive syllogism?
300
Colonel Mustard was murdered in the den either by gunshot or bludgeoning. Colonel Mustard was not shot. Therefore, Colonel Mustard was bludgeoned to death.
What is valid and sound.
300
A valid argument must: a. be a deductive argument b. have all true premises c. have a true conclusion d. all of the above
What is c?
300
If you consume too much sugar, you will gain weight. Therefore, you should avoid consuming too much sugar in order to remain healthy.
If you consume too much sugar, you will gain weight. Having excess weight is bad for your health. Therefore, you should avoid consuming too much sugar in order to remain healthy.
400
Define sufficient condition:
A sufficient condition is a proposition which guarantees that another proposition (a necessary condition) necessarily follows from it.
400
Either he's at least 18, or he's a juvenile. He is not at least 18. Therefore, he is a juvenile.
What is a disjunctive syllogism.
400
All Martians are green aliens. No green aliens can fly. Therefore, no Martians can fly.
What is valid and unsound?
400
No argument that has false premises is valid. True False
What is false?
400
We shouldn’t eat meat because it causes high cholesterol.
High cholesterol is dangerous to your health. Meat contains lots of cholesterol. Therefore, we shouldn't eat meat.
500
In some disjunctive arguments, the disjunctive premises state that there are only two possible alternatives, when in fact, there are probably more options.
What is the fallacy of black-and-white thinking?
500
Wile E. Coyote was either flattened by a boulder or run over by a truck. Wile E. Coyote was flattened by a boulder. Therefore, he was not run over by a truck.
What is affirming the disjunct?
500
If you wear a kilt, then you are from Scotland. If you do not enjoy listening to bagpipes, then you are not from Scotland. Therefore, if you wear a kilt, you enjoy listening to bagpipes.
Valid and sound.
500
Every sound argument has a true conclusion. True False
What is true?
500
The ancient Romans were morally objectionable and shouldn’t be discussed at school. The Romans had both slavery and religious beliefs that included faith in many gods.
The Romans had both slavery and religious beliefs that included faith in many gods. Slavery and religious beliefs that included faith in many gods are banned from some schools. The ancient Romans were morally objectionable and shouldn’t be discussed at some schools.
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