Deductive
True or False: In deductive arguments, even IF the premise is true, the conclusion can still be false.
False.
True or False: Inductive arguments jump to the conclusion without actual proof that guarantees the conclusion to be true.
True
An example of this is thinking about whether a premise actually supports a conclusion or not?
Metacognition (thinking about thinking)
Person A: I think Pineapple is the best pizza topping.
Person B: I disagree. I don't think pineapple belongs on pizza at all.
Disagreement
Shopping:Market::________:_________
a. Soccer:Field
b. Grocery List:Groceries
c. Court:Tennis
d. Stage:Acting
a. Soccer:Field
Name the deductive form:
If it is a bicycle, then it has two wheels.
This is a bicycle.
Ergo, this bicycle has two wheels.
Syllogism
Which inductive form is this:
In every new Pokémon game release, there are always new types of Pokémon introduced. Therefore, the next Pokémon game will likely introduce new types of Pokémon.
Prediction
Greek word for reason, words, or speech
Logos
Person A: Do you think online school is better than in-person learning?
Person B: I think online school gives more flexibility, but it's harder to stay focused.
Person A: I agree. But I also miss being able to ask the teacher questions in person.
Discussion
Confused:Puzzled::__________:___________
a. Hot:Cold
b. Nice:Kind
c. Organized:Disorder
d. Predator:Prey
b. Nice:Kind
Name the deductive form:
If it rains, then the bike trail will be slippery.
If the bike trail is slippery, then riding will be more difficult. Therefore, if it rains, riding on the bike trail will be more difficult.
Hypothetical syllogism
Which inductive form is this:
Pokémon game developers have stated in interviews that they are committed to keeping the series fresh by adding new features and creatures with each release. Hence, the next Pokémon game will likely introduce new features or creatures based on the developers' statements.
Argument by Authority
Prediction
The foundation of classical education with 3 main areas: Grammar, Logic, and Rhetoric
Trivium
Person A: Pikachu's electric-type moves are strong against water-type Pokemon, which are commonly used by trainers. Thus, Pikachu is a great choice for battles against water-type Pokemon.
Argument
Puppy:Dog::_______:________
a. Fish:Dolphin
b. Tadpole:Frog
c. Human:Baby
d. Cat:Kitten
b. Tadpole:Frog
If a cyclist rides 10 miles at a speed of 10 miles per hour, it will take them 1 hour to complete the ride.
Jesiah rides 10 miles at a speed of 10 miles per hour.
Therefore, Jesiah will take 1 hour to complete her ride.
Argument based on Math
There has been a significant increase in the number of Pikachu plush toys sold this holiday season. This surge in sales is probably caused by the recent popularity of Pikachu in a major Pokémon movie.
Causal Inference
A comparison between two different things
Analogy
Person A: "Yes! I beat you again in Foursquare!"
Person B: "That's not fair! You always cheat!"
Person A: "What?? I didn't cheat!"
Person B: "Yes, you did! You're a cheater!"
Fight
Doctor:Hospital::_________:___________
a. Classroom:Teacher
b. Lawyer:Judge
c. Journalist:Pencil
d. Chef:Kitchen
d. Chef:Kitchen
If someone rides their bicycle regularly, then they will improve their fitness. If they improve their fitness, then they will feel more energized. Wherefore, if someone rides their bicycle regularly, then they will feel more energized.
Hypothetical Syllogism
Every time a new Pokémon game is released, sales of Pokémon merchandise, like toys and cards, increase significantly. Thus, if a new Pokémon game is released soon, we can expect sales of Pokémon merchandise to increase again.
Causal Inference
Prediction
This is also known as the quality of an idea to be trustworthy because it can be supported by experts, or that it cannot be easily proven false.
Reliability
Person A: Do you know that elephants are one of the most intelligent animals?
Person B: Yes. And they're super strong too.
Person A: They also a great memory and live in close-knit family groups.
Discussion
Medicine:Illness::________:_________
a. Liquid:Freeze
b. Hunger:Thirst
c. Ice:Heat Exhaustion
d. Fear:Threat
c. Ice:Heat Exhaustion