Logic and Laws
The science and art of reasoning well.
What is logic?
A dictionary definition that shows relationships or reduces ambiguity by providing a single established meaning of a term.
What is a lexical definition?
Defining a term with the same meaning as the one being defined.
What is defining by synonym?
A sentence which is either true or false.
What is a statement?
Two statements that can be true at the same time are said to be this.
What is consistent?
Drawing proper conclusions from other information.
What is reasoning?
A concept that can be expressed precisely.
What is a term?
Defining a term by giving several examples including the species of the term.
What is defining by example?
A statement whose truth value can be determined from the statement itself.
What is a self-supporting statement?
Two statements that cannot be true at the same time are said to be this.
What is inconsistent?
If a statement is true, then it is true.
What is the law of identity?
If a word has more than one possible meaning.
What is ambiguous?
Defining a term by naming the genus and then adding descriptive words that distinguish it from all other species under that genus.
What is defining by genus and difference?
A statement whose truth value depends on evidence or information from outside itself.
What is a supported statement?
A disagreement based on a difference of opinion or perception.
What is apparent disagreement?
Reasoning with certainty from premises to conclusions.
What is deduction?
A term that is more specific, narrow, or concrete than the original term and is included by it.
What is species?
The sum of all the individual objects described by a term.
What is extension?
A statement that is false due to its logical structure.
What is self-contradiction?
A disagreement based on an actual inconsistency between two statements; they cannot both be true at the same time.
What is a real disagreement?
Any statement is either true or false.
What is the law of the excluded middle?
A term that is more general, broad, or abstract than the original term and includes it.
What is genus?
The sum of all the common attributes denoted by the term
What is intension?
A statement that is always true because of its logical structure.
What is a tautology?
A misunderstanding due to differing definitions for one or more words.
What is a verbal disagreement?