Fallacies of Relevance
Identify the Fallacy:
A student is accused by a peer of cheating on a test. The student responds by stating that their peer has no room to talk because they also cheated on an exam.
Tu Quoque
This fallacy occurs when an argument's premises assume the truth of the conclusion, instead of supporting it.
Begging the Question
Rhetoric is the art of effective or ______ writing or speaking, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques.
Persuasive
Who said, "A new thing in costume appears--the flaring hoop skirt, for example--and the passersby are shocked, and the irreverent laugh. Six months later everybody is reconciled; the fashion has established itself" in Corn Pone Opinons?
Mark Twain
Which country consumes the most chocolate per capita?
Switzerland
This fallacy makes the audience want to follow with the crowd or majority because they already follow it.
Mob Appeal
Identify the Fallacy:
Noisy children are a real headache. Two aspirin will make a headache go away. Therefore, two aspirin will make noisy children go away.
Equivocation
Identify the appeal:
Animals need your help. Adopt a pet from your local shelter.
Pathos
Who said, "What about the children? Oh, we see them on television, we read about them in the papers, and we do so with a broken heart. Their fate is always the most tragic, inevitably" in what text?
Elie Wiesel in "The Perils of Indifference"
What color is opposite blue on the color wheel?
Orange
Identify the Fallacy:
Person 1) According to this newspaper, Senator Bedfellow has committed high treason.
Person 2) I don’t trust this newspaper; it’s controlled by the senator’s opponents.
Genetic Fallacy
Identify the Fallacy:
Good students will study and learn without the threat of an exam, and bad students won't study and learn even with the threat of an exam. So, exams serve no purpose
What diagram contains the elements: speaker, subject, audience, context, and purpose?
Marc Antony said, "You all did love him once, not without cause: What cause withholds you then, to mourn for him?" in what text?
"Friends, Romans, Countrymen"
What is the process by which plants release water vapor into the air called?
Transpiration
This fallacy occurs when someone uses fear to persuade others to accept an idea or behavior.
Appeal to Fear
This fallacy occurs when drawing a conclusion based on a small sample size, rather than looking at statistics that are much more in line with the typical or average situation.
Hasty Generalization
Identify the appeal:
Studies show that SparkleClean Clinical Strength toothpaste is 96% as effective as a professional dental cleaning.
Logos
Chimamanda Adichie said, "Power is the ability not just to tell the story of another person, but to make it the definitive story of that person" in what text?
"The Dangers of a Single Story"
What are the three water signs of the zodiac?
Pisces, Cancer, Scorpio
This fallacy occurs when someone distorts or exaggerates another person's argument, and then attacks the distorted version of the argument.
Straw Man
BONUS:
Who was the first to systematize logical errors into a list to make it easier to refute an opponent's thesis and thus win an argument?
Hint: △
Aristotle
A persuasive technique that focuses on the speaker's or writer's credibility and trustworthiness.
Ethos
Who said, "More than machinery we need humanity. More than cleverness we need kindness and gentleness. Without these qualities, life will be violent and all will be lost" in what text?
Charlie Chaplin in "The Great Dictator"
What is Taylor Swift’s middle name?
Alison