Definitions
Using a piece of distracting information to divert attention from the core argument.
Red Herring
If we put limits on the right to bear arms, soon all of our Constitutionally-given rights will be taken away.
Slippery Slope
The art of using language and visual elements to persuade or impact an audience.
Rhetoric
Apple Keynote uses statistics like "20% faster" or "2x battery life" as a way to make people feel like they NEED the new iPhone.
Logos
All my friends have a cellphone, so I should have one, too.
Bandwagon appeal
The idea that a course of action (A) will lead to an extreme result (Z).
Slippery Slope
There are only two kinds of politicians: those who lie and those who are honest
False Dilemma/Either Or/ False Dichotomy
A mistaken belief often rooted in a flawed argument
Logical Fallacy
Olivia Rodrigo's lyrics from "Drivers License" :
And I just can't imagine how you could be so okay now that I'm gone
Guess you didn't mean what you wrote in that song about me
'Cause you said forever, now I drive alone past your street
Pathos
You should read Deacon King Kong by James McBride because Oprah featured it on her book list, and she knows her stuff!
Appeal to Authority
Ignoring crucial details, nuance, and/or accuracy to present a single or basic view of an argument.
Oversimplification
I saw Barack Obama get the COVID vaccine, and he was the President, so it must be safe for me to get.
Appeal to Authority
For ethos to be effective, the author or speaker must be _____________________
Trustworthy/Credible/Transparent
Which of the following techniques can be used for ethos?
A) Using a picture of a malnourished dog
B) Using an oncologist as the brand advocate for a new type of chemotherapy
C) Using statistics to demonstrate the number of hours teens spend on social media
B--Using an oncologist as the brand advocate for a new type of chemotherapy
Since scientists cannot prove that global warming will occur, it probably won't.
Appeal to ignorance
An argument based on comparing two elements that are not actually similar or worthy of comparison.
False Analogy
My grandma smoked cigarettes for 70 years and never had lung cancer, so there is no way that cigarettes can cause lung cancer.
Hasty Generalization
Rhetorical appeal that relies on reasoning, evidence, and structure of a text to convince the audience.
Logos
These studies have shown that animal testing is safe and reliable
Logos
I don't wear my seat belt while driving anymore because I have several friends who all got into car accidents while they were wearing their seatbelts.
Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc / After this, therefore because of this
An argument believed to be true because it is presented by a figure perceived to carry legitimate authority.
Appeal to Authority
Person 1: It's important to raise the wage for people working in service industries, as they are the people who keep our economy alive.
Person 2: You only say that because you work at Arby's and can't get a good job!
Ad Hominem
Pathos is an appeal to __________
Emotion/Shared Humanity
One of the rhetorical appeals that cannot stand on its own without creating a logical fallacy.
Pathos or Ethos
You said that the level of mercury in seafood may be unsafe, but what will fishers do to support their families?
Red Herring