Changing the subject by presenting an alternative argument, which may be related, but serves to distract from the current discussion
What is RED HERRING
100
This approach is based on saying the name/slogan over and over and over again to produce an effect
What is REPETITON
100
The conclusion is in the premise (says the same thing)
What is CIRCULAR REASONING OR BEGGING THE QUESTION
100
Either you take this class or you'll never be successful!
What is EITHER-OR / BLACK OR WHITE
100
I tripped on the crack in the sidewalk and then I found a $50 bill so every time I trip on a crack in the sidewalk, I'll find money.
What is FAULTY CAUSE AND EFFECT (POST HOC ERGO PROPTER HOC)
200
The viewer is led to believe that one product is better than the other, although no real proof is offered
What is COMPARE AND CONTRAST
200
Something is true because it can't be disproved
What is BURDEN OF PROOF/APPEAL TO IGNORANCE
200
Misrepresenting/fabricating someone's argument and then attacking that version
What is STRAWMAN
200
Illegal immigration is illegal.
What is CIRCULAR REASONING/BEGGING THE QUESTION
200
If you miss the negative sign in your math problem, you're going to flunk out of school and then get in a car accident and lose all your money and then move in with your grandma and watch TV all day, every day until you're 45.
What is SLIPPERY SLOPE
300
Avoiding the argument by turning it back on the accuser (You Too)
What is TU QUOQUE
300
Presenting a dreaded circumstance to convince the audience (usually followed up with what you need to do to avoid the event)
What is APPEAL TO FEAR
300
Only considering a small group and inaccurately applying it to an entire population
What is HASTY GENERALIZATION
300
I know three 10th graders who can play the accordion so all 10th graders must be able to play accordions.
What is HASTY GENERALIZATION
300
You can be smart like this genius if you use "Brand A" pencils
What is TRANSFER
400
In a negative sense, this propaganda technique is mostly used to leave the opponent undesirable by directly labeling
What is NAME CALLING
400
Attacking your opponent's character instead of the argument
What is AD HOMINEM
400
Asserting than an action caused something else, just because it happened before it
What is FAULTY CAUSE AND EFFECT (POST HOC ERGO PROPTER HOC)
400
So you say that too much red meat is bad for your heart, but you just ate 7 Big Macs, so that must not be true.
What is TU QUOQUE
400
So you say that we should put more money towards teacher salaries? I guess you're saying that no money should be spent on student furniture and they'll all have to sit on the floor!
What is STRAWMAN
500
Two alternative states presented as only possibilities
What is EITHER-OR/BLACK OR WHITE
500
Asserting that if we allow "A" to happen, that will cause "Z" to happen, so we shouldn't allow "A"
What is SLIPPERY SLOPE
500
Using general, emotional words in positive way to persuade others
What is GLITTERING GENERALITIES
500
Don't miss out on following the crowd. They know what's best.
What is BANDWAGON
500
We admit that this measure is popular. But we also urge you to note that there are so many bond issues on this ballot that the whole thing is getting ridiculous.