Module 8
What are the three types of fuselage constructions?
Truss, monocoque, and semi-monocoque.
What is the basic definition of a hydraulic system?
Uses fluid under pressure to drive machinery or move mechanical components.
In reference to the location of the wheels, what are the two types of landing gear?
Tricycle and tailwheel.
What are the four forces of flight?
Lift, drag, thrust, and weight
What is the main purpose of a winglet?
To improve efficiency by reducing aerodynamic drag.
What is the effect of a spoiler on lift?
Prevents lift (spoils it).
Which aircraft uses higher pressure hydraulic systems, commercial airliners or military planes?
What are the five positions of the ignition switch?
Off, R, L, both, and start
What are the primary flight controls?
Ailerons, elevators, and rudder.
What two stresses combined make bending?
Tension and compression.
What are the five major units of a fixed-wing aircraft?
Fuselage, wings, stabilizers, flight control surfaces, landing gear.
What is the operating pressure of most hydraulic systems?
3,000- 5,000 psi.
What is carburetor heat?
Anti-icing system that preheats the air before it reaches the carburetor.
What are the secondary flight controls?
Flaps, slats, spoilers, and trim.
Other than wheels, what would other landing gear consist of?
Float or skis.
What are two benefits of winglets?
Examples: Fuel efficiency, extended range, environmental impact, improved climb performance, noise reduction, or aesthetic appeal.
What are the three threats that hydraulic systems are subject to?
System overheat, loss of system pressure, and hydraulic fluid contamination.
What is the main difference in adjustable-pitch propellers, fixed-pitch propellers, and constant-speed propellors?
Fixed-pitch cannot change the angle of the propeller, adjustable-pitch can be changed on the ground and not in flight, and constant-speed can be adjusted mid-flight and on the ground.
What are the tertiary/ augmentation systems?
Autopilot and stability assist.
What is the fly-by-wire system?
Pilot inputs are converted to electrical signals via computers.
Tension, compression, torsional, shear, and bending.
What temperatures can hydraulic systems usually tolerate?
-65 degrees F to 160 degrees F (275 for military).
What are the components of a basic electrical system?
Alternator/ generator, electric fuel pump, stall warning system, pitot heat, starting motor.
What are the four control mechanisms?
Mechanical systems, hydraulic systems, fly-by-wire systems, and fly-by light and electromechanical actuators.
What are the types of flaps?
Slotted, plain, fowler, split, and slotted fowler.