Foot
How many bones are in the foot?
26
What term describes the top or anterior surface of the foot?
Dorsal/dorsum
CR for AP toes?
CR for lateral toes?
10-15 degrees toward calcaneus/ Centered to MTP joint.
Lateral: Perpendicular / Centered to the PIP.
How many phalanges does the big toe have? How many does digits 2-5 have? Name the phalanges and joints.
Toe- 2 phalanges (proximal, distal) IP Joint, MTP joint,
Digits- 3 phalanges (prox, middle, distal). DIP, PIP, TMT
How should pain on tip of right big toe be wrote for a hx?
Pain distal phalanx of the first digit of the right foot.
What are the most distal bones of the lower limb?
Phalanges (Toes & digits)
What joint is formed where the talus and tib/fib meet?
Tibiotalar joint (ankle joint)
CR for routine foot series:
AP: angle 10 degrees, CR @ base of third metatarsal
Oblique: Perpendicular to IR, CR @ base of third metatarsal
Lateral: Perpendicular to IR, CR @ base of third metatarsal or medial cuneiform.
Which tarsal bone is directly involved with the ankle joint?
Talus
Why must the tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal be well visualized? Which view shows it best?
Common fx site, oblique.
How many tarsal bones are there?
Name them.
7
Calcanus, Talus, Cuboid, Navicular, 3 cuneiforms
What three bones form the ankle joint?
Tibia, Fibula, and Talus
CR for routine ankle.
AP, Oblique, Lateral: CR perpendicular to IR, directed midway between malleoli.
What four bones does the talus articulate with?
Tib/Fib, Calcaneus, & Navicular
Which of the following is NOT an aspect of the metatarsal?
Head, tail, body, or base.
Tail
What is the largest/ strongest bone in the foot?
What is the 2nd largest?
Calcaneus
Talus
Is the tibia on the medial or lateral side?
Medial
How much do you oblique the foot for an AP mortise ankle vs an AP oblique ankle?
Mortise: 15-20 medial rotation
Oblique: 45 medial rotation
What 5 bones does navicular articulate with?
Talus, Cuboid, 3 cuneiforms
Where are the sesamoid bones of the foot most commonly located? Which surface and near which part of the foot?
Plantar surface, near head of the 1st metatarsal.
How much CR angulation to the long axis of the foot is required for the plantodorsal (axial) projection of the calcaneus?
40 degrees cephalic
A radiograph of an AP ankle projection reveals that the lateral joint space is not open (lateral malleolus is partially superimposed by the talus). The superior and medial joint spaces are open. What should the technologist do to correct this problem and improve the image?
Rotate the foot laterally.
CR for lateral calcaneus.
CR is perpendicular to IR, directed 1 inch inferior to the medial malleolus.
What is the joint where the talus and calcaneus articulate?
Subtalar talocalcaneal joint.
What is the name of the tarsal bone found on the medial side of the foot between the talus and 3 cuneiforms?
Navicular