Bronchitis/Pertussis
What are some manifestations of Bronchitis?
Cough which may last up to 3 weeks. Sputum is often clear. headache, fever, malaise, horseness, myalgia, dyspnea and chest pain
What are the different classifications of pneumonia?
Community acquired pneumonia, Hospital acquired pneumonia,
What population groups are most susceptible to TB?
Homeless, Inner city neighborhood, foreign borne people, those working in institutions such as hospitals, jails, shelters, IV drug users, overcrowding living conditions, immunosuppression from disease (HIV), cancer or long term corticosteriod use.
What is the major reason a client develops PE?
DVT in the deep vein of legs, AFIB, Fat embolus from long bone fracture or surgery, oral contraceptives, smoking, prolonged air travel, pregnancy and clotting disorders.
What are the different types of pneumothorax?
Spontaneous, Iatrogenic, Tension, Hemothorax, chylothorax.
what is treatment for bronchitis?
Treat symptoms and prevent pneumonia- cough suppressants like dextromethorphan, encouraging oral fluid intake and using a humidifier. throat lozengers, tea, bronchodilators if chronic we can add antibiotics
what are the clinical manifestations of pneumonia?
cough, fever, chills, dyspnea, tachypnea and pleuritic chest pain cough may not be productive but if it is sputum is green, yellow or rust colored. In older patients may develop confusion.
what are some clinical manifestations of TB?
Fatigue, malaise, anorexia, unexplained weight loss, low grade fevers, hemoptysis, dyspnea, lung fields will have crackles, Hypotension, hypoxemia,
What are clinical manifestations of PE?
Dyspnea, mild to moderate hypoxemia, tachypnea, cough, chest pain, hemptysis, crackles, wheezing, massive pe may have feeling of doom, cardiac arrest, hypotension and change in mentation
List causes of Pulmonary Edema
ARDS, aspiration, inhaled toxens anaphylactic reaction, left ventricular heart failure, nonhodgkins lymphoma, Overhydration, oxygen toxicity, opiod overdose, PE, high altitudes
What is patient education for Bronchitis?
Wash hands, get vaccines, avoid smoking, wear proper PPE, avoid exposure to allergens
What are treatments for pneumonia
Monitor resp status, assess for hypoxia, keep head elevated , turn and reposition every 2 hour, encourage deep breathing exercises, administer antibiotic and IV fluids as ordered.
What kind of isolation does the client go into that is active TB patient?
Negative pressure
What are nursing interventions for PE?
supplemental o2
possible intubation if needed/inferior vena cava filter to prevent embolism, heparin gtt, eliquis,
What is spontaneous Pneumothorax?
This occurs due to ruptured Blebs, air filled sacs that happen to people with COPD, smokers, cystic fibrosis, and peumonia
What are the manifestations of Pertussis?
Hallmark signs are uncontrollable, violent coughing. Inspiration on the cough produces the typical "whooping sound" may last 6-10 weeks.
what are patient teaching techniques we can give?
Hand hygiene, good nutrition, avoid smoking, get vaccines,
what are the different diagnostic tests for TB?
TB skin test (Mantoux test), CXR, Interferon y release assays, and 3 consecutive sputum culture.
what are ways we prevent PE?
we manage by preventing DVT by using pneumatic compression devices, early ambulation and anticoagulant medication;.
what is a tension pneumothorax?
occurs when air enters rthe pleual space but cannot escape. the continued accumulation of air is caused by increased elevated intrapleural pressure. the mediastinum shifts toward the unaffected side compressing the good lung.
What is common treatment for pertussis?
Macrolide antibiotics such as erythromycin and azithromycin antibiotics to minimize symptoms and prevent spread of disease.
what are complications of pneumonia?
Pleurisy, pleural effusion, Bactermia, Pneumothorax, sepsis, Acute respiratory failure. sepsis
what are patient education that needs discussed?
adhering to medication regimen. Teach the patient to recognize symptoms for any relapses and encourage patient to stop smoking.
What are diagnostic studies for PE?
D-dimer, spiral CT and VQ Scan.
what are clinical symptoms of tension pneumothorax?
severe dyspnea, marked tachycardia, neck vein distention, and profuse diaphoresis, decrease or absent breath sounds. tracheal deviation is a very late sign.