S/S
rapid, deep breaths kussmaul respirations
ketonuria, fruity breath odor
dehydration,
mental status changes
What is DKA
smoking
diet
exercise
BP control
What are modifiable risk factors
What is the priority intervention in HHS
hydration (fluids)
Blood test that measures the average blood sugar over 3 months
What is A1C
0.5ml insulin syringe = how many units
What is 50 units
blood sugar may exceed 600
blood osmolarity may exceed 320
excessive thrist
increased urination
drowsiness, confusion
What is HHS
Blood glucose drops below 70
What is the peak of rapid-acting insulin
What is 1-2 hours
In a type I diabetic do they still need to take their insulin if not eating or drinking?
Yes
What are Beta cells
sleepiness
irritability
sweating
pallor
lack of coordination
What is hypoglycemia
The clinical manifestation that distinguishes DKA from HHS
What is ketoacidosis
How do Glyburide, Glipizide, Glimepiride work
stimulates insulin production and release from the pancreas
Name the SICK day rules
S- monitor blood sugars
I- take insulin
C- eat carbs
K- check ketones
It prevents hyperglycemia by allowing body cells to take up, use, and store carbohydrate, fat, & protein
What is insulin.
Polyuria
Polydipsia
Polyphagia
headache
blurred vision
What is hyperglycemia
Diabetic complication with proteinuria
What is diabetic nephropathy
This medication can cause lactic acidosis in patients with kidney impairment and should not be used by anyone with kidney disease. Must be Stop 1-2 days before and 48hours after procedure with contrast
What is Metformin
1 cc syringe = how many units
Name microvascular complications of diabetes
What are:
nephropathy- kidney dysfunction
neuropathy- nerve dysfunction
retinopathy- vision problems
low pH
low bicarbWhat is metabolic acidosis
Cardiovascular disease
Cerebrovascular disease
Reduced immunity
What are macrovascular complications
Injection site with fastest absorption
What is abdomen
Hypertension and Hyperlipidemia
What are common complications in DM
Name the 3-P's
What are
Polyuria
Polydipsia
Polyphagia