Genetics
DNA is found in what parts of the cell
primarily the nucleus but also the mitochondria and chloroplast
Thymine
what is the structure of DNA
double helix
What are chromosomes
tightly wound strands of DNA
What forms the backbone of the DNA molecule
sugar and phosphate
What are sections of DNA that carry the code for a particular trait
Genes
What pairs with cytosine
guanine
which molecule is essential in producing and transferring traits from one generation to the next
DNA
what are genes
specific sections of a chromosome that carry the code for making a particular protein
Who sings 98 Braves
Morgan Wallen
During ___________ and ________________ chromosomes are duplicated and the DNA doubles, allowing the nucleus to pass on the traits for the code to each cell.
Mitosis and Meiosis
how is genotype defined
the genetic makeup
what do gametes produced by meiosis contain
half the parents chromosomes
what determines an organisms traits
proteins produced by gene instruction
What are the rungs of the DNA ladder composed of
nitrogen bases
Both plant and animal ____________ have a nucleus that contains the code for a living organism
cells
what is the purpose of punnett squares
predict genotypes and phenotypes
what type of reproduction involves two parents and results in genetic variation
sexual reproduction
what is the purpose of reproduction
to ensure the continuation of a species
what does the sequence of bases in DNA provide instructions for
making proteins
Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine, and adenine are the four what that make up DNA
nitrogen bases
what ensures that each gamete has a 50% chance for either allele
independent assortment
What process produces gametes in sexual reproduction
meiosis
which type of reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
asexual reproduction
what is the function of proteins
build cells, tissues, organs and perform vital life functions