1st line of defense
How does your skin protect your body?
It has many layers.
What do APCs stand for?
What does the 3rd line of defense protect against?
It protects against pathogens that have entered the blood stream.
What does immunodeficiency mean?
It means a slowed or stopped function of the immune system.
How does your nose help protect you from intruders?
What are phagocytes?
Phagocytes are a type of cell that absorb bacteria within the body.
What are the two kinds of T cells?
Helper T cells and Cytotoxic T cells.
What does hypersensitivity mean in the context of the immune system?
It means that the immune system overcompensates and fights against diseases more aggressively than it needs to.
How do your ears help protect your body?
The ears have wax which also works to get the intruders stuck.
What do APCs do?
APCs identify pathogens and notify the immune system to take action against them.
What are B cells and what do they do?
B cells create antibodies to fight pathogens.
What is the difference between active and passive immunity?
Passive immunity is passed from one person to another, while active immunity is created by a person when they encounter a disease.
How can water be used to deter intruders?
Tears can get intruders out of the eyes and sweat can get insects off of the skin.
What are natural killer cells and what do they do do?
Natural killer cells are white blood cells that destroy diseased and cancerous cells.
What do helper T cells do?
They activate B cells, cytotoxic T cells, and send signals that initiate inflammation.
What does autoimmune mean?
It means that the immune system attacks parts of the body rather than invaders of the body.
It also works as a insect repellant.
How does inflammation subdue bacteria that have entered the body?
The body sends a lot of blood to the area which floods it with white blood cells that kills the pathogens.
What do cytotoxic T cells do?
They destroy infected cells.
How long do active and passive immunity last, and what is the difference between the time it takes for them to develop?
Active immunity lasts for the organism's whole life span because it is always being replenished, but it takes time to develop. Passive immunity only lasts for a short period of time because the organism only receives a small amount of it without the instructions of how to make it, but it does take effect instantly.