Vocab
Lymph
A clear fluid derived from interstitial fluid that circulates through lymphatic vessels, carrying immune cells and waste products back to the bloodstream
Substance that triggers an immune response
Antigen
These occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues. Examples include rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. Symptoms vary widely depending on the specific disease but often include inflammation and pain
Autoimmune disease
Thymus
Site of T cell maturation; critical for adaptive immunit
Destroy infected or abnormal cells in a cell-mediated response
T-Cells
A type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, affecting white blood cells. There are two main types: Hodgkin’s lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Symptoms may include fatigue, weakness, and swollen lymph nodes. Risk factors include age and certain infections
Lymphoma
Spleen
Filters blood, removes defective red blood cells, and supports lymphocyte proliferation
White blood cells central to immune defense
Lymphocytes
Anemia: Due to the rapid breakdown of sickle cells, leading to fatigue and weakness.
Pain Crises: Sudden episodes of severe pain, known as sickle cell crises, occur when sickle-shaped cells block blood flow to organs and tissues
Swelling: Particularly in the hands and feet, known as dactylitis, which is often one of the first symptoms in infants
Frequent Infections: Sickle cells can damage the spleen, increasing susceptibility to infections
Delayed Growth: In children and adolescents due to chronic anemia and other complications
Vision Problems: Caused by blocked blood vessels in the eyes, potentially leading to retinal damage
Sickle Cell Disease (idk how to set this one as the daily double)
Adaptive Immunity
Specific defense involving B and T lymphocytes recognizing and neutralizing antigens
Secondary lymphoid organs
Lymph Nodes
These can be primary (genetic) or secondary (acquired) and result in a weakened immune response. Conditions like Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) are examples where individuals are highly susceptible to infections
Immunodefiency disorders
Bone Marrow
Produces all blood cells, including lymphocytes; site of B cell maturation
Differentiated B cells that secrete antibodies
Plasma Cells
This condition involves swelling in the arms or legs due to a blockage in lymph flow, often resulting from cancer treatments or infections. Symptoms include heaviness and tightness in the affected limb. Early intervention is crucial for effective management
Lymphedema